Life in the Neighbourhood and City

• Last weekend, we visited the new shopping mall in the city centre.
• The museum was very crowded on Saturday.
• We went to the park and had a picnic by the lake.
• There weren't many buses running after 10 pm.

Which verbs are regular (add -ed)? Which verbs are irregular? What form of 'be' do we use with 'we' and 'there'?

We use it to talk about places we visited in the past, what we did there, and what the situation was like (weather, crowds, etc.).

TRGeçmişte ziyaret ettiğimiz yerleri, yaptığımız şeyleri ve o anki durumu (hava, kalabalık vb.) anlatırken kullanılır.

• We visited the museum and have a great time.We visited the museum and had a great time.

  The irregular past of 'have' is 'had', not 'have'.

  TR'have' fiilinin düzensiz geçmiş hâli 'had'dir.

• There was many people at the market.There were many people at the market.

  Use 'were' with a plural subject like 'many people'.

  TRÇoğul özneyle 'were' kullanılır.

• The new library is bigger than the old one.
• Riverside Park is more relaxing than the shopping mall.
• The underground is faster than the bus in heavy traffic.
• Is the community centre busier than the library?

How do short adjectives change (big→bigger)? How do longer adjectives change (relaxing→more relaxing)?

We use this to compare two places, services, or types of transport in our city — which is bigger, faster, more relaxing, etc.

TRŞehrimizdeki iki yeri, hizmeti ya da ulaşım şeklini karşılaştırırken kullanılır: hangisi daha büyük, daha hızlı, daha rahat vb.

• The museum is more bigger than the library.The museum is bigger than the library.

  Don't use both -er and 'more' with a short adjective.

  TRKısa sıfatlarda hem -er hem 'more' birlikte kullanılmaz.

• This park is relaxinger than that one.This park is more relaxing than that one.

  Don't add -er to longer adjectives; use 'more' instead.

  TRUzun sıfatlara -er eklenmez, 'more' kullanılır.

• When I visited the museum, it was raining outside.
• The bus was full when we arrived at the stop.
• When we got to the park, all the benches were taken.
• I saw my neighbour when I was waiting at the bus stop.

What does 'when' connect — two nouns or two actions/events? Can 'when' come at the start or in the middle of the sentence?

We use it to say that something else was happening or happened at the same time as a visit to a place or use of a service.

TRGeçmişte bir yeri ziyaret ederken ya da bir hizmetten yararlanırken aynı anda başka bir şeyin olduğunu anlatırken kullanılır.

• When I am arrive at the park, it started raining.When I arrived at the park, it started raining.

  Both verbs should be in the Simple Past when 'when' links two past events.

  TR'When' geçmiş olayları bağlarken iki fiil de Simple Past olmalıdır.

• I saw my neighbour, when I was waiting at the bus stop she said hello.I saw my neighbour when I was waiting at the bus stop.

  No comma is needed when the 'when' clause comes after the main clause.

  TR'When' cümle ortasındaysa virgüle gerek yoktur.

• You went to the new library, didn't you?
• The bus was late again, wasn't it?
• They didn't visit the museum, did they?
• There weren't many people at the park, were there?

When the main sentence is positive, is the tag positive or negative? What happens when the main sentence is negative?

We use it to check information or keep a conversation going when talking about something that happened in the past.

TRBir bilgiyi doğrulamak ya da bir konuşmayı sürdürmek için geçmişte olan bir şeyi tekrar sorarken kullanılır.

• You went to the park, did you?You went to the park, didn't you?

  If the main sentence is positive, the tag must be negative.

  TRAna cümle olumluysa etiket olumsuz olmalıdır.

• The shop wasn't open, was it wasn't?The shop wasn't open, was it?

  Use the verb only once in the tag.

  TREtikette fiil yalnızca bir kez kullanılır.

• I enjoy visiting new parks in my free time.
• We decided to take the underground instead of the bus.
• She loves shopping at the new mall.
• They want to explore the old part of the city.

Which verbs are followed by -ing (gerund)? Which verbs are followed by 'to' + verb (infinitive)?

We use this to talk about activities we enjoy doing, or things we plan or want to do in our city.

TRŞehrimizde yapmaktan hoşlandığımız etkinlikleri ya da yapmayı planladığımız şeyleri anlatırken kullanılır.

• I enjoy to visit new parks.I enjoy visiting new parks.

  'Enjoy' is followed by the -ing form, not 'to'.

  TR'Enjoy' fiilinden sonra -ing hâli gelir, 'to' değil.

• We decided taking the underground.We decided to take the underground.

  'Decide' is followed by 'to' + verb.

  TR'Decide' fiilinden sonra 'to' + fiil gelir.

Enjoy/love/like/mind gibi fiiller -ing alır; want/decide/plan/hope gibi fiiller 'to' + fiil alır. İkisini karıştırmamak gerekir.

• The library is between the bank and the post office.
• We met at the bus stop at 9 o'clock.
• The community centre is opposite the park, on Elm Street.
• There is a pharmacy next to the supermarket, near the hospital.

Which prepositions tell us WHERE a place is? Which prepositions tell us WHEN something happens?

We use these to describe the location of places in our city and to say when a meeting or event happens.

TRŞehrimizdeki yerlerin konumunu tarif ederken ve bir buluşma ya da olayın zamanını söylerken kullanılır.

• The library is in Elm Street.The library is on Elm Street.

  Use 'on' with street names, not 'in'.

  TRCadde adlarında 'on' kullanılır, 'in' değil.

• We met in the bus stop at 9 o'clock.We met at the bus stop at 9 o'clock.

  Use 'at' for a specific point like a bus stop.

  TRBelirli bir nokta (durak) için 'at' kullanılır.

'Next to' ve 'near' benzer görünse de 'next to' bitişik konumu, 'near' ise genel bir yakınlığı anlatır: 'next to the supermarket' (hemen yanında) ile 'near the hospital' (hastaneye yakın bir yerde) karıştırılmamalıdır.