landmark
noun/ˈlændmɑːk/
simge yapı, dikkat çekici noktaThe old clock tower is a famous landmark in our city.
+ a famous landmark
THEME 13Lise HazırlıkB133 ders saati
Life in the Neighbourhood, City and Social Life
Cultural and historical places · Festivals and events · Problems in the neighbourhood and city
Başlamadan önce
What Will I Learn?
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bu temada neyi öğreneceğini oku.
- Aşağıdaki 8 adımı sırayla takip et; üstteki sekmelerden de geçebilirsin.
- Her adımın sonunda “Bu adımı tamamladım”a bas.
- İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
In Theme 13, you will explore Life in the Neighbourhood, City and Social Life: cultural and historical places, festivals and events, and problems in the neighbourhood and city. You will learn to talk about rules and improvements with passive voice and modals, make suggestions and offers with Shall, and use can/might for polite requests and probability.
Konular
- Cultural and historical places
- Festivals and events
- Problems in the neighbourhood and city
Dil yapıları
- Passive voice with modals
- Shall (suggestions, offers)
- Can / might (polite requests, probability)
Anlayabileceğim
- A text about a walking tour of the old town
- A text about a neighbourhood spring festival
- A conversation about planning a visit to the old town
- A conversation between neighbours about a problem in their street
Söyleyebileceğim
- Suggest and offer plans to visit cultural and historical places
- Make polite requests and talk about probability
- Discuss problems in your neighbourhood and suggest solutions
- Present a short project about your neighbourhood or city
Yazabileceğim
- A poster about a place, festival or problem in your neighbourhood
- A first draft of a project report about your neighbourhood and city
Çalışma yolu
Adım 1 / 8
Vocabulary
30 hedef kelime
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Her kartta kelimeyi oku, hoparlör düğmesiyle dinle.
- Örnek cümleyi yüksek sesle tekrar et.
- “Anlamları gizle” ile kendini test et; anlamı görmek için üstüne dokun.
- Bilmediğin kelimeleri defterine yaz.
monument
noun/ˈmɒnjumənt/
anıtA monument was built in the square to remember the town's history.
+ build a monument
heritage
noun/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/
kültürel mirasThe old bazaar is part of our cultural heritage.
+ cultural heritage
exhibition
noun/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
sergiThe museum has a new exhibition about the city's past.
+ hold an exhibition
restore
verb/rɪˈstɔː(r)/
restore etmek, onarmakThe old castle was restored carefully last year.
+ restore a building
worth visiting
phrase/wɜːθ ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/
ziyarete değerThe historical mosque is definitely worth visiting.
+ be worth visiting
festival
noun/ˈfestɪvl/
festivalOur neighbourhood holds a street festival every spring.
+ hold a festival
tradition
noun/trəˈdɪʃn/
gelenekMaking handmade crafts for the fair is an old tradition here.
+ a local tradition
take place
phrasal verb/teɪk pleɪs/
gerçekleşmek, yapılmakThe street festival takes place on the first Saturday of April.
+ take place every year
procession
noun/prəˈseʃn/
alay, yürüyüşA colourful procession moves down the main street during the festival.
+ join a procession
fireworks
noun/ˈfaɪəwɜːks/
havai fişekThe festival usually ends with fireworks over the river.
+ set off fireworks
get involved
phrase/ɡet ɪnˈvɒlvd/
katılmak, dahil olmakLocal shops get involved in the festival by decorating their windows.
+ get involved in something
overcrowded
adjective/ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd/
aşırı kalabalıkThe city centre gets overcrowded at the weekend.
+ an overcrowded street
traffic jam
noun/ˈtræfɪk dʒæm/
trafik sıkışıklığıThere is a long traffic jam near the market every Saturday.
+ be stuck in a traffic jam
litter
noun/ˈlɪtə(r)/
çöp, çerçöpPeople shouldn't drop litter in the park.
+ drop litter
pollution
noun/pəˈluːʃn/
kirlilikAir pollution is a serious problem in big cities.
+ air pollution
complain
verb/kəmˈpleɪn/
şikayet etmekResidents complain about the noise from the new club.
+ complain about something
improve
verb/ɪmˈpruːv/
iyileştirmekThe council plans to improve the local park next year.
+ improve the neighbourhood
resident
noun/ˈrezɪdənt/
sakin, oturan kişiLocal residents want safer streets near the school.
+ local residents
council
noun/ˈkaʊnsl/
belediye meclisiThe city council is planning a new bike lane in our street.
+ the city council
protect
verb/prəˈtekt/
korumakOld monuments must be protected for future generations.
+ protect the heritage
bazaar
noun/bəˈzɑːr/
çarşı, pazarWe wandered around the old bazaar looking for souvenirs.
+ wander around the bazaar
souvenir
noun/ˌsuːvəˈnɪər/
hediyelik eşyaShe bought a small souvenir from a local craftsman.
+ buy a souvenir
atmosphere
noun/ˈætməsfɪər/
atmosfer, havaEveryone loved the friendly atmosphere of the old town.
+ a lively atmosphere
castle
noun/ˈkɑːsl/
kaleThe old castle offers an amazing view over the city.
+ climb up to the castle
neighbourhood
noun/ˈneɪbəhʊd/
mahalle, semtSeveral problems in our neighbourhood should be solved soon.
+ a quiet neighbourhood
pavement
noun/ˈpeɪvmənt/
kaldırımLitter mustn't be left on the pavement outside the shops.
+ leave litter on the pavement
streetlight
noun/ˈstriːtlaɪt/
sokak lambasıThe broken streetlight near the corner should be repaired soon.
+ a broken streetlight
noise
noun/nɔɪz/
gürültüSeveral residents complain about the noise from the market every Saturday.
+ complain about the noise
car park
noun/ˈkɑː pɑːk/
otoparkA new car park should be built near the busy market.
+ build a car park
Adım 2 / 8
Play
Kelimeleri oyunla pekiştir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bir oyun seç ve Başla’ya bas.
- Her cevaptan sonra hemen doğru/yanlış görürsün.
- Sonunda tekrar etmen gereken kelimeler listelenir.
- %70 ve üzeri alınca bu adım tamamlanır.
Öğretmenler: her oyunun sınıfta oynanacak kart sürümü öğretmen sayfasında.
Adım 3 / 8
Grammar
Kuralı ezberleme; örneklerden kendin keşfet.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Notice: Örnek cümlelerdeki renkli kısımlara bak.
- Discover: Kuralı tamamla, ipuçlarıyla cümle kur, sonra kendi cümlelerini yaz.
- Rule ve Form tablosunu oku; sık yapılan hatalara dikkat et.
- Practice: Soruları cevapla, “Kontrol et”e bas.
Passive Voice with Modals
1 · Notice
- This old building must be protected.
- The streets should be cleaned every day.
- A new park can be built here.
- Litter mustn't be dropped in the square.
What comes after the modal verb (must, should, can)? Is it important here who does the action?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
be + past participlemodal verbby + agentaction
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
B Build sentences
Use the cues to write passive sentences with modals about your city. Look at the example first.
- this building must protect
✓ This building must be protected.
- the streets should clean every day
Model answer
The streets should be cleaned every day.
- a new park can build here
Model answer
A new park can be built here.
- litter mustn't drop in the square
Model answer
Litter mustn't be dropped in the square.
- old monuments should restore carefully
Model answer
Old monuments should be restored carefully.
- ? / the museum can visit for free
Model answer
Can the museum be visited for free?
C Your turn
Write three passive sentences with modals about problems or rules in your own neighbourhood. Use must/should/can.
In my neighbourhood, litter mustn't …The park should …A new … can be built …
Rule
We use modal + be + past participle (must/should/can/mustn't be + V3) to focus on the action, not on who does it. It is common for city rules, recommendations and projects.
TRModal + edilgen yapı (must/should/can/mustn't + be + fiilin 3. hâli) bir eylemin kim tarafından yapıldığından çok, neyin yapılması gerektiğine ya da mümkün olduğuna odaklanmak için kullanılır. Belediye kuralları, öneriler ve şehir projeleri için sık kullanılır.
When?
We use it for city rules, suggestions, projects, and situations where who does the action is not important.
TRŞehir kuralları, öneriler, projeler ve kimin yaptığının önemli olmadığı durumlarda kullanılır.
3 · Form
Positive
- This building must be protected.
- New parks can be built here.
Negative
- Litter mustn't be dropped in the square.
- This monument shouldn't be damaged.
Question
- Can the museum be visited for free?
- Should old buildings be restored?
Short answers
- Yes, it can. / No, it can't.
- Yes, they should. / No, they shouldn't.
Mistakes
- This building must protect.This building must be protected.
Don't forget 'be' after the modal: must + be + V3.
TRModal'dan sonra edilgen için 'be' unutulmamalı.
- The park can cleaning every week.The park can be cleaned every week.
Use the past participle (V3), not the -ing form, after be.
TRFiilin -ing hâli değil, 3. hâli (past participle) kullanılır.
Compare
Aktif: 'The council must clean the streets.' (kim yaptığı önemli). Pasif: 'The streets must be cleaned.' (eylem önemli, kim yaptığı önemli değil ya da bilinmiyor).
4 · Practice
Challenge
Shall: Suggestions and Offers
1 · Notice
- Shall we visit the old castle this weekend?
- Shall I book the tickets for the festival?
- Shall we meet at the fountain at six?
- Shall I carry your bag?
Who makes the suggestion or offer — the speaker alone, or the speaker and listener together?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
Shall weShall Isuggestionoffer
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
B Build sentences
Use the cues to make suggestions with Shall we…? or offers with Shall I…? Look at the example first.
- visit the old castle this weekend
✓ Shall we visit the old castle this weekend?
- book the tickets
Model answer
Shall I book the tickets?
- meet at the fountain at six
Model answer
Shall we meet at the fountain at six?
- carry your bag
Model answer
Shall I carry your bag?
- walk to the festival together
Model answer
Shall we walk to the festival together?
C Your turn
Write two suggestions with Shall we…? for things to do in your city, and one offer with Shall I…?
Shall we …Shall I …
Rule
Shall we…? is used to suggest doing something together. Shall I…? is used to offer to do something for the other person. It sounds friendly and polite.
TRShall we…? birlikte bir şey yapmayı önermek için kullanılır. Shall I…? ise konuşan kişinin karşısındaki için bir şey yapmayı teklif etmesi için kullanılır. Resmî olmayan, arkadaşça bir öneri/teklif ifadesidir.
When?
We use it to suggest visiting a place together, or to offer help to someone.
TRBir yeri birlikte ziyaret etmeyi önerirken ya da birine yardım teklif ederken kullanılır.
3 · Form
Positive
- Shall we meet at six?
- Shall I open the window for you?
Question
- Shall we visit the museum?
- Shall I carry your bag?
Short answers
- Yes, let's. / No, let's not.
- Yes, please. / No, thanks, it's fine.
Mistakes
- Shall we going to the castle?Shall we go to the castle?
Use the base verb after shall, not the -ing form.
TRShall'dan sonra fiilin yalın hâli gelir.
- Shall you help me?Shall I help you?
Use 'Shall I' to offer help, not 'Shall you'.
TRYardım teklif ederken 'Shall I' kullanılır, 'Shall you' değil.
Compare
Shall we…? ile Let's…? benzer anlama gelir, ama Shall we…? bir soru gibi nazikçe önerir, Let's…? daha doğrudan bir öneridir: 'Let's go to the museum.'
4 · Practice
Challenge
Can / Might: Polite Requests and Probability
1 · Notice
- Can I take a photo of the monument, please?
- Can you tell me the way to the old town, please?
- It might rain during the outdoor festival.
- The parade might start a bit late this year.
Which sentences are polite requests? Which sentences talk about something that is possible but not certain?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
Can I / Can youmightpossiblepolite request
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
B Build sentences
Decide if you need a polite request with can or a probability sentence with might. Look at the example first.
- ask permission take a photo
✓ Can I take a photo, please?
- ask someone the way to the old town
Model answer
Can you tell me the way to the old town, please?
- probability rain during the festival
Model answer
It might rain during the festival.
- probability the parade start late
Model answer
The parade might start late.
- ask permission open the window
Model answer
Can I open the window, please?
C Your turn
Write one polite request with Can I/you…? about visiting a place in your city, and one sentence with might about something that could happen at a festival.
Can I …, please?It might …
Rule
Can I…?/Can you…? are used to politely ask for permission or to make a polite request. Might is used to talk about something that is possible but not certain — a low-to-medium probability.
TRCan I…?/Can you…? izin istemek ya da nazikçe rica etmek için kullanılır. Might ise bir şeyin olması mümkün ama kesin olmadığını, yani düşük-orta ihtimali anlatmak için kullanılır.
When?
We use these to politely ask permission or directions, or to guess what might happen at an event.
TRBir yerde izin isterken, yol tarif ederken ya da bir etkinlikte olabilecek şeyleri tahmin ederken kullanılır.
3 · Form
Positive
- It might rain during the festival.
- You can take photos here.
Negative
- It might not be open on Mondays.
- You can't enter without a ticket.
Question
- Can I take a photo, please?
- Can you tell me the way, please?
Short answers
- Yes, of course. / I'm sorry, you can't.
- It might. / It might not.
Mistakes
- Can I to take a photo?Can I take a photo?
Don't use 'to' after can.
TRCan'dan sonra 'to' gelmez.
- It mights rain later.It might rain later.
Don't add -s to might; it's a modal verb.
TRMight'a -s eklenmez, modal fiildir.
Compare
Can (izin/rica) ile might (olasılık) karıştırılmamalı: 'Can I go?' = izin istiyorum. 'It might rain.' = belki yağmur yağar, emin değilim.
4 · Practice
Challenge
Adım 4 / 8
Reading
Özgün metin ve anlama soruları.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Başlığa bakıp tahmin et.
- Metni önce hızlıca, sonra dikkatle oku.
- While: Soruları cevapla ve kontrol et.
- After: Konuşma sorularını düşün ya da yaz.
1 Before reading
- Look at the title. What kind of places do you think 'the old town' has?
- Guess: what two historical things might you see on a walk through an old town?
A Walk Through the Old Town
Last weekend, my cousin Deren visited our city for the first time, so I took her on a walking tour of the old town. We started at the main square, where a tall stone monument stands. It was built over a hundred years ago, and it must be protected carefully because it is part of our cultural heritage.
From there, we walked to the old bazaar, a busy street full of small shops and cafés. Deren loved the atmosphere. 'Shall we buy something here?' she asked, and we bought some handmade souvenirs from a local craftsman.
Next, we visited the history museum, which has a new exhibition about the city's past. Photos can be taken in most rooms, but Deren asked, 'Can I take a photo of this old map, please?' The guide said yes, but explained that flash photography mustn't be used near the oldest documents.
After the museum, we climbed up to the old castle. The view from the top was amazing, and we could see the whole neighbourhood below. Some parts of the castle are closed because they should be restored before visitors can walk there safely.
By the end of the day, Deren said the old town was definitely worth visiting. 'This landmark might become my favourite place in the city,' she laughed. I was happy she loved a place I see every day.
228 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- What is one cultural or historical place in your own neighbourhood or city? Write two sentences about it.
- Would you like to visit the old town in the text? Why or why not?
1 Before reading
- What festivals or events happen in your neighbourhood every year?
- Guess: what two things usually happen at a street festival?
The Spring Street Festival
Every spring, our neighbourhood holds a street festival to celebrate the end of winter. It's an old tradition that takes place on the first Saturday of April, and almost every family gets involved.
In the morning, a colourful procession moves down the main street. Local schools and dance groups perform traditional dances, and children carry flags and flowers. 'Shall we join the procession this year?' my neighbour asked me, and I said yes.
By midday, the street is full of small stalls selling food, crafts and music. The council always asks residents to help keep the street clean, because litter mustn't be dropped during the festival — there are extra bins everywhere.
In the evening, there is live music in the square, and the festival usually ends with fireworks over the river. The weather forecast said it might rain last year, so many people brought umbrellas just in case, but the sky stayed clear.
For me, the Spring Street Festival is the best event of the year. It brings the whole community together and shows how our traditions can be enjoyed by everyone, old and young.
186 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- Describe one tradition or festival in your neighbourhood. What happens there?
- Design one new activity that could be added to a neighbourhood festival.
Adım 5 / 8
Listening
Dinle, anla, transkriptle kontrol et.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Ne duyacağını tahmin et.
- Kaydı dinle; transkripti kapalı tut.
- Soruları cevapla, kontrol et.
- Son olarak transkriptle kontrol et ve tekrar dinle.
Planning a Trip to the Old Town
1 Before listening
- You will hear two friends planning a weekend visit to the old town.
- Predict: what two places might they decide to visit?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
SelinShall we do something different this weekend? I'm tired of staying at home.
KeremGood idea! Shall we visit the old town? I've never been to the history museum.
SelinPerfect. Can you check the opening times online, please?
KeremSure. It says the museum is open from nine to five, but it might close early on Sundays.
SelinOK, let's go on Saturday then. Shall I bring my camera?
KeremYes, please — some parts of the castle should look really beautiful in the photos.
SelinGreat. Can we also visit the old bazaar afterwards? I want to buy a small souvenir.
KeremOf course we can. Shall we meet at the bus stop at ten?
3 After listening
- Would you like to visit an old town or a museum this weekend? Why?
- Write one sentence with Shall we…? about a place you could visit together.
A Problem in Our Street
1 Before listening
- You will hear two neighbours talking about a problem in their street.
- Predict: what problem could two neighbours in a city complain about?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
Mrs AksoyHave you noticed how overcrowded our street gets on Saturdays? There's always a traffic jam near the market.
Mr YıldızYes, I have. And people complain about the noise too. Shall we talk to the council about it?
Mrs AksoyThat's a good idea. I think a new car park should be built near the market.
Mr YıldızI agree. And the litter problem — it mustn't be left on the pavement like this every week.
Mrs AksoyExactly. Shall I write a letter to the council this week?
Mr YıldızYes, please. Can you also mention the broken streetlight near the corner?
Mrs AksoyOf course. It might take a few weeks, but I think things can be improved if we ask together.
Mr YıldızI hope so. A cleaner, safer street would be much better for everyone.
3 After listening
- What is one problem in your own neighbourhood? How could it be improved?
- Write one sentence with should be + past participle about your street.
Adım 6 / 8
Use English
Öğrendiklerini konuşarak ve yazarak kullan.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Useful language kutusundaki kalıpları oku.
- Konuşma görevini bir arkadaşınla yap ya da kendini kaydet.
- Yazma planını izleyerek taslağını yaz.
- Kontrol listesi ile yazını gözden geçir.
Shall We…? Weekend Plans
With a partner, plan a weekend visit to a cultural or historical place in your city. Use Shall we…?/Shall I…? to make suggestions and offers, and Can I/you…? for polite requests.
Useful language
Shall we visit …?Shall I check the opening times?Can you tell me the way, please?That's a good idea. / I'd prefer …
Adımlar
- Choose a cultural or historical place to visit together (museum, castle, old town, etc.).
- Take turns making suggestions with Shall we…? and offers with Shall I…?
- Agree on a day, time and meeting point.
- Add one polite request with Can I/you…? about the visit.
- Perform your short planning dialogue for another pair.
DestekGive students a list of place names and time expressions before they start.
HedefA short planning dialogue of 6-8 lines using Shall we/I and Can.
İleriFast pairs add a sentence with might about the weather or opening times.
Discussing Neighbourhood Problems
In small groups, discuss two or three problems in your own neighbourhood or city. Suggest what should/must be done, using passive voice with modals.
Useful language
I think … should be improved.… mustn't be allowed.A new … could be built.Shall we suggest this to the council?
Adımlar
- Brainstorm 3-4 problems in your neighbourhood (traffic, litter, noise, etc.).
- Choose the two most important problems as a group.
- For each problem, agree on one solution using passive with modals (e.g. 'A new bin should be put here.').
- Prepare to present your two problems and solutions to the class.
- Present your ideas and listen to another group's ideas.
DestekProvide a problem-vocabulary list (traffic jam, litter, pollution, overcrowded) on the board.
HedefTwo problems and two solutions per group, presented in 1-2 minutes.
İleriGroups vote on which solution from another group they liked best and explain why.
My Neighbourhood: Places and Problems
Write a short text for a class poster about your neighbourhood. Describe one cultural/historical place OR festival, and one problem that should be improved. Use at least two grammar points from this theme.
Plan
- Choose a place, festival or event and one problem to write about.
- List 3-4 key details or facts for each.
- Decide how to use passive with modals, shall, or can/might in your sentences.
- Check your grammar and punctuation.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
landmarkheritagefestivaltraditionpollutionimproveThis … should be …Shall we visit …?It might …A new … can be …
Kontrol listesi
City Project Report — First Draft
Write the first draft of your Performance Task report: introduce one cultural/historical place, one festival or event, and one problem in your neighbourhood or city, and suggest a solution to the problem.
Plan
- Write one paragraph about a cultural/historical place and why it is important.
- Write one paragraph about a festival or event and what happens there.
- Write one paragraph about a problem and a solution, using should/must be + past participle.
- Read your draft again and check it connects to your project topic.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
monumentexhibitionprocessiontraffic jamresidentcouncilThis place is important because …Every year, … takes place …… should be improved by …… could be built/repaired.
Kontrol listesi
Adım 7 / 8
Review
Kısa kontroller; yanlışlar seni ilgili bölüme yönlendirir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Kısa soruları cevapla.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Yanlışın varsa önerilen bölüme dön, tekrar et.
- Sonra tema testine geç.
Adım 8 / 8
Theme Test
Temanın tüm becerilerinden sorular.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Tüm soruları cevapla; acele etme.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Sonuç ekranı hangi beceride hata yaptığını gösterir.
- %60 ve üzeri alınca tema tamamlanır.
Tema sonu
My Progress
İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
0 XP
Adımlar
- Vocabulary—
- Play—
- Grammar—
- Reading—
- Listening—
- Use English—
- Review—
- Theme Test—
I can…
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