natural resource
noun/ˈnætʃrəl rɪˈsɔːs/
doğal kaynakWater is a natural resource that every living thing needs.
+ a valuable natural resource
THEME 710. SınıfB1.214 ders saati
Life in Nature & Global Problems
Natural resources · Global problems related to natural resources · Protecting natural resources
Başlamadan önce
What Will I Learn?
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bu temada neyi öğreneceğini oku.
- Aşağıdaki 8 adımı sırayla takip et; üstteki sekmelerden de geçebilirsin.
- Her adımın sonunda “Bu adımı tamamladım”a bas.
- İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
This theme looks at the natural resources our planet gives us, the global problems that come from using them badly, and the everyday and large-scale actions that can protect them for the future.
Konular
- Natural resources
- Global problems related to natural resources
- Protecting natural resources
Dil yapıları
- Defining relative clauses (that, which, who)
- Connecting words: so (cause and effect)
Anlayabileceğim
- I can understand short texts about natural resources and how people use them.
- I can understand a text describing a global environmental problem.
- I can understand people talking about ways to protect nature.
- I can follow a dialogue about recycling or saving energy at home.
- I can understand a text that explains cause and effect with 'so'.
- I can understand descriptions that use relative clauses to give extra information.
- I can follow a short talk about renewable energy sources.
- I can understand an opinion text about climate change.
Söyleyebileceğim
- I can talk about natural resources like water, forests, and minerals.
- I can describe global problems such as pollution and deforestation.
- I can suggest ways to protect natural resources.
- I can give reasons for environmental problems using 'so'.
- I can describe people, places, and things using relative clauses.
- I can discuss the causes and effects of climate change.
- I can express my opinion about environmental protection.
- I can compare habits that harm and habits that help the environment.
Yazabileceğim
- I can write a short paragraph describing a natural resource and its uses.
- I can write about a global environmental problem and its causes.
- I can write a short proposal suggesting ways to protect nature.
- I can write sentences using relative clauses and 'so' correctly.
Çalışma yolu
Adım 1 / 8
Vocabulary
24 hedef kelime
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Her kartta kelimeyi oku, hoparlör düğmesiyle dinle.
- Örnek cümleyi yüksek sesle tekrar et.
- “Anlamları gizle” ile kendini test et; anlamı görmek için üstüne dokun.
- Bilmediğin kelimeleri defterine yaz.
renewable
adj/rɪˈnjuːəbl/
yenilenebilirSolar power is a renewable source of energy.
+ renewable energy
non-renewable
adj/ˌnɒn rɪˈnjuːəbl/
yenilenemezCoal is a non-renewable resource, so it will run out one day.
+ non-renewable fuel
fossil fuel
noun/ˈfɒsl fjuːəl/
fosil yakıtBurning fossil fuels releases a lot of carbon dioxide into the air.
+ burn fossil fuels
pollution
noun/pəˈluːʃn/
kirlilikAir pollution in big cities can harm people's health.
+ reduce pollution
deforestation
noun/diːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃn/
ormansızlaşmaDeforestation destroys the homes of many animals.
+ stop deforestation
endangered
adj/ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/
nesli tükenmekte olanThe tiger is an endangered species because of hunting.
+ an endangered species
climate change
noun/ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/
iklim değişikliğiClimate change is causing more extreme weather around the world.
+ fight climate change
global warming
noun/ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/
küresel ısınmaGlobal warming is making the ice at the poles melt faster.
+ slow down global warming
drought
noun/draʊt/
kuraklıkThe drought lasted for months, so many farms lost their crops.
+ a severe drought
recycle
verb/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/
geri dönüştürmekWe recycle paper and plastic at our school every week.
+ recycle waste
waste
noun/weɪst/
atıkHouseholds produce a lot of waste that goes to landfill.
+ reduce waste
sustainable
adj/səˈsteɪnəbl/
sürdürülebilirThe city is trying to build a more sustainable transport system.
+ a sustainable lifestyle
conserve
verb/kənˈsɜːv/
korumak, tasarruf etmekWe should conserve water, especially in summer.
+ conserve energy
ecosystem
noun/ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/
ekosistemA forest fire can destroy an entire ecosystem in a few days.
+ damage an ecosystem
habitat
noun/ˈhæbɪtæt/
yaşam alanıMany animals are losing their natural habitat because of building projects.
+ destroy a habitat
greenhouse gas
noun/ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɡæs/
sera gazıCars and factories release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
+ reduce greenhouse gases
solar panel
noun/ˈsəʊlə pænl/
güneş paneliOur school installed solar panels on the roof last year.
+ install solar panels
wind turbine
noun/wɪnd ˈtɜːbaɪn/
rüzgar türbiniThe wind turbines on the hill produce clean electricity.
+ build wind turbines
extinct
adj/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
nesli tükenmişSome sea animals could become extinct if the oceans keep warming.
+ become extinct
shortage
noun/ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/
kıtlıkMany regions are facing a serious water shortage this year.
+ a water shortage
environment
noun/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
çevreWe must protect the environment for future generations.
+ protect the environment
consumption
noun/kənˈsʌmpʃn/
tüketimTurning off lights can reduce electricity consumption at home.
+ reduce consumption
emission
noun/ɪˈmɪʃn/
salım, emisyonFactories must lower their carbon emissions to help the planet.
+ carbon emissions
Adım 2 / 8
Play
Kelimeleri oyunla pekiştir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bir oyun seç ve Başla’ya bas.
- Her cevaptan sonra hemen doğru/yanlış görürsün.
- Sonunda tekrar etmen gereken kelimeler listelenir.
- %70 ve üzeri alınca bu adım tamamlanır.
Öğretmenler: her oyunun sınıfta oynanacak kart sürümü öğretmen sayfasında.
Adım 3 / 8
Grammar
Kuralı ezberleme; örneklerden kendin keşfet.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Notice: Örnek cümlelerdeki renkli kısımlara bak.
- Discover: Kuralı tamamla, ipuçlarıyla cümle kur, sonra kendi cümlelerini yaz.
- Rule ve Form tablosunu oku; sık yapılan hatalara dikkat et.
- Practice: Soruları cevapla, “Kontrol et”e bas.
Defining relative clauses (that, which, who)
1 · Notice
- Solar power is an energy source that never runs out.
- The scientist who studies climate change gave a talk at our school.
- Forests, which produce oxygen, are being cut down quickly.
- People who waste water often don't think about the future.
What do you notice about the words 'that', 'which', and 'who' in these sentences? What kind of information do they add?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Complete the sentences with 'that', 'which', or 'who'.
thatwhichwho
Well done! You can now identify the right relative pronoun.
B Build sentences
Use the cues to build full sentences with a defining relative clause.
- oil / non-renewable resource / comes from the ground
✓ Oil is a non-renewable resource that comes from the ground.
- farmers / people / grow our food
Model answer
Farmers are people who grow our food.
- plastic / material / takes hundreds of years to break down
Model answer
Plastic is a material that takes hundreds of years to break down.
- the Amazon / forest / produces a lot of the world's oxygen
Model answer
The Amazon is a forest which produces a lot of the world's oxygen.
- a biologist / scientist / studies living things
Model answer
A biologist is a scientist who studies living things.
- recycling bins / containers / help us sort our waste
Model answer
Recycling bins are containers that help us sort our waste.
C Your turn
Write 2-3 original sentences of your own using defining relative clauses (that/which/who) about nature or the environment.
A natural resource that...People who...An animal which...
Rule
We use defining relative clauses to give essential information that identifies exactly who or what we are talking about. Use 'who' for people, 'which' for things, and 'that' for both people and things. No comma is used before the clause.
TRTanımlayıcı ilgi cümlecikleri, kimden veya neden bahsettiğimizi tam olarak belirten gerekli bilgiyi verir. İnsanlar için 'who', nesneler için 'which', hem insanlar hem nesneler için 'that' kullanılır. Cümlecikten önce virgül kullanılmaz.
When?
Use a defining relative clause when the information in the clause is necessary to understand which person or thing you mean.
TRCümlecikteki bilgi, hangi kişi veya nesneden bahsettiğimizi anlamak için gerekliyse tanımlayıcı ilgi cümleciği kullanılır.
3 · Form
Positive
- The resource that/which we use most is water.
- People who protect nature are important.
Negative
- This isn't the kind of pollution that we can ignore.
- There aren't many rivers which are still clean.
Question
- Is this the forest that was damaged by the fire?
- Who is the person who started this project?
Short answers
- Not applicable in short-answer form; the clause is part of a longer sentence.
Mistakes
- The man which works in recycling is my neighbour.The man who works in recycling is my neighbour.
Use 'who' (not 'which') for people.
TRİnsanlar için 'which' değil 'who' kullanılır.
- Solar power, that is renewable, is getting cheaper.Solar power, which is renewable, is getting cheaper.
'That' is not normally used after a comma (non-defining clauses use 'which').
TR'That' normalde virgülden sonra kullanılmaz (virgüllü cümleciklerde 'which' kullanılır).
Compare
| who (people) | which/that (things) | |
|---|---|---|
| Subject of the clause | whoThe woman who planted the trees is a volunteer. | which/thatThe tree that/which she planted is now very tall. |
4 · Practice
Challenge
Connecting words: so (cause and effect)
1 · Notice
- The lake dried up, so the farmers could not water their crops.
- We recycle our waste, so less rubbish goes to landfill.
- The city has strict pollution rules, so the air is cleaner now.
- There was a long drought, so water became very expensive.
What does 'so' connect in each sentence? Which part is the cause and which part is the effect?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Complete the sentences with 'so' and choose the correct effect.
so
Great work! You understand how 'so' links cause and effect.
B Build sentences
Combine the cause and effect using 'so'.
- it didn't rain for months / the crops died
✓ It didn't rain for months, so the crops died.
- the city built a recycling centre / less waste goes to landfill
Model answer
The city built a recycling centre, so less waste goes to landfill.
- the ice is melting / sea levels are rising
Model answer
The ice is melting, so sea levels are rising.
- we turned off the lights / we saved energy
Model answer
We turned off the lights, so we saved energy.
- hunting increased / the species became endangered
Model answer
Hunting increased, so the species became endangered.
- the government banned plastic bags / the beaches are cleaner
Model answer
The government banned plastic bags, so the beaches are cleaner.
C Your turn
Write 2-3 original sentences using 'so' to show a cause and its effect on the environment.
There was a lot of pollution, so...People started recycling more, so...The weather changed, so...
Rule
We use 'so' to connect a cause (the reason) with its effect (the result). The cause comes first, followed by a comma, then 'so' and the effect.
TR'So' bir nedeni (sebebi) sonucuyla (etkisiyle) bağlamak için kullanılır. Önce neden gelir, sonra virgül, sonra 'so' ve etki gelir.
When?
Use 'so' when you want to show that one event or situation directly causes another.
TRBir olayın veya durumun doğrudan başka bir olaya neden olduğunu göstermek istediğinizde 'so' kullanılır.
3 · Form
Positive
- The river was polluted, so the government closed the beach.
- We saved water, so our bills were lower.
Negative
- We didn't recycle enough, so waste kept increasing.
- They didn't protect the forest, so animals lost their habitat.
Question
- Not typically used to form questions; 'so' links two statements.
- Why did they build solar farms, so that they could reduce emissions? (less common form)
Short answers
- Not applicable; 'so' joins two clauses rather than giving a short answer.
Mistakes
- The air was dirty, because people stopped going outside.The air was dirty, so people stopped going outside.
Use 'so' for a result, not 'because' (which gives a reason before the result).
TRSonuç için 'because' değil 'so' kullanılır ('because' nedeni sonuçtan önce verir).
- It was raining so we brought umbrellas so we didn't get wet.It was raining, so we brought umbrellas.
Avoid using 'so' twice in one sentence; keep one clear cause-effect link.
TRBir cümlede 'so' iki kez kullanılmamalı; tek ve net bir neden-sonuç bağlantısı kurulmalı.
Compare
| so (result) | because (reason) | |
|---|---|---|
| Order of ideas | cause, so effectIt rained a lot, so the river flooded. | effect because causeThe river flooded because it rained a lot. |
4 · Practice
Challenge
Adım 4 / 8
Reading
Özgün metin ve anlama soruları.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Başlığa bakıp tahmin et.
- Metni önce hızlıca, sonra dikkatle oku.
- While: Soruları cevapla ve kontrol et.
- After: Konuşma sorularını düşün ya da yaz.
1 Before reading
- Look at the title. What do you think the text will be about?
- How much water do you think a family uses in one day?
The World's Water Problem
Water is one of the most important natural resources on Earth, but it is not endless. Although almost seventy percent of the planet is covered with water, only a small part of it is fresh water that people, animals, and plants can use. Most fresh water is locked in ice or deep underground, so the amount that is easily available is actually quite limited.
In many parts of the world, people are already facing serious water shortages. Long periods of drought, growing populations, and wasteful habits are putting pressure on rivers and lakes that used to provide plenty of clean water. In some regions, farmers cannot grow enough food because there simply isn't enough water for their fields, so families are forced to move to cities to find other work.
Factories and farms are also responsible for a lot of water pollution. Chemicals and waste that are dumped into rivers make the water unsafe for drinking, swimming, or fishing. This pollution harms the ecosystems that depend on clean water, and it can take many years for a damaged river to recover.
Fortunately, there are simple actions that can help. Fixing leaking pipes, taking shorter showers, and collecting rainwater are habits that reduce water waste at home. On a larger scale, governments and companies that invest in better water treatment and recycling systems can protect this resource for future generations. Every person who saves water, even a small amount, makes a difference.
241 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- What is one habit from the text that you could start doing at home?
- Do you think water shortages will become a bigger problem in the future? Why?
1 Before reading
- What do you already know about rainforests?
- Why do you think rainforests are important for the whole planet?
Saving the Rainforest
Rainforests, which cover only a small part of the Earth's land, are home to more than half of the world's plant and animal species. They also produce a large amount of the oxygen we breathe and absorb huge amounts of carbon dioxide, so they play a key role in controlling the planet's climate.
Despite their importance, rainforests are disappearing quickly. Every year, large areas of forest are cut down for wood, farmland, and mining. This process, which is called deforestation, destroys the habitats of countless animals and forces some species closer to extinction. When trees that store carbon are burned or removed, that carbon is released into the atmosphere, so deforestation also makes climate change worse.
People who live near rainforests often depend on them for food, medicine, and their way of life. When the forest disappears, these communities lose resources that they have used for generations. This shows that protecting rainforests is not only about saving animals and plants, but also about supporting the people who call these forests home.
There are hopeful signs, though. Organisations that plant new trees, governments that create protected forest areas, and companies that choose sustainable wood are all part of the solution. Consumers who check where their products come from can also help by choosing goods that do not contribute to deforestation. Small choices, repeated by millions of people, can add up to a big difference.
233 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- Which solution from the text do you think is the most effective? Why?
- What could you personally do to help protect rainforests?
Adım 5 / 8
Listening
Dinle, anla, transkriptle kontrol et.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Ne duyacağını tahmin et.
- Kaydı dinle; transkripti kapalı tut.
- Soruları cevapla, kontrol et.
- Son olarak transkriptle kontrol et ve tekrar dinle.
A School Project on Natural Resources
1 Before listening
- What natural resources do you think your school uses every day?
- Have you ever done a project about the environment? What was it about?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
TeacherOkay everyone, for this term's project, I want you to choose a natural resource that is important in our region and explain how we can protect it.
AyşeI'd like to research water, because our town had a shortage last summer, so people had to limit how much they used.
TeacherThat's a great choice. Who else has an idea?
EmreI want to look at forests. There's a forest near my village that is losing trees every year because of illegal cutting.
TeacherInteresting. Remember, your project should explain the problem and suggest realistic solutions that people can actually use.
AyşeFor water, I'm thinking about interviewing farmers who use irrigation, and asking them what changes they've made.
EmreFor forests, I want to visit the area that was damaged and take photos, so people can really see the problem.
TeacherBoth sound excellent. Don't forget to include at least three ways to protect the resource you choose, and present your project next Friday.
3 After listening
- Which project would you rather do, Ayşe's or Emre's? Why?
- What natural resource would you choose for a project like this?
Talking About Renewable Energy
1 Before listening
- What forms of renewable energy do you know?
- Do you think your city uses much renewable energy?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
AHave you seen the new solar panels on the community centre roof?
BYes! I read that they produce enough electricity for the whole building, so the centre doesn't need to buy much power anymore.
AThat's amazing. I think wind turbines are also a good option for our region, because it's often windy here.
BTrue, although wind turbines that are built near towns sometimes make noise, which some people don't like.
AThat's a fair point. What about people who live far from the coast, where there's less wind?
BGood question. I guess solar power works better for them, since most places get enough sunlight.
AI read an article that said renewable energy could provide most of our electricity within twenty years.
BI hope so. The sooner we reduce our use of fossil fuels, the better it will be for the planet.
3 After listening
- Do you think your area is better suited to solar or wind energy? Why?
- What renewable energy source would you like to see used more in your town?
Adım 6 / 8
Use English
Öğrendiklerini konuşarak ve yazarak kullan.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Useful language kutusundaki kalıpları oku.
- Konuşma görevini bir arkadaşınla yap ya da kendini kaydet.
- Yazma planını izleyerek taslağını yaz.
- Kontrol listesi ile yazını gözden geçir.
Protecting Our Natural Resources
In your group, discuss three natural resources in your region and agree on the two most important actions your community could take to protect each one.
Useful language
I think we should...One resource that is at risk is...In my opinion, the best solution is...I agree/disagree because...We could also consider...
Adımlar
- Choose three natural resources that are important in your region.
- Discuss why each resource is important and what problems it faces.
- Agree on two protection actions for each resource.
- Prepare a short summary to present to the class.
DestekGive students a list of resource and problem words (water, forest, soil, pollution, shortage) to use as prompts.
HedefStudents discuss freely, using relative clauses and 'so' where natural.
İleriAsk stronger groups to rank all six actions from most to least urgent and justify the order.
Role-Play: Town Council Meeting
Role-play a town council meeting where members debate a new factory that could bring jobs but may harm a nearby river. Decide together whether to approve it.
Useful language
The factory that we are discussing...This decision will affect people who...If we approve this, so...I'm concerned about...A fair compromise would be...
Adımlar
- Assign roles: council leader, factory representative, environmental expert, local resident.
- Each role prepares two or three points to support their position.
- Hold the meeting and let each member speak.
- Vote as a group and explain your final decision.
DestekProvide role cards with key phrases and vocabulary for each character.
HedefStudents argue their assigned position and reach a group decision.
İleriAsk stronger students to include a compromise solution that considers both jobs and the environment.
Describing a Natural Resource
Write a paragraph describing a natural resource that is important in your region, explaining why it matters and what problems it faces.
Plan
- Choose the resource and write one sentence introducing it.
- List 2-3 reasons why it is important.
- Note 1-2 problems it faces.
- Write a closing sentence about its future.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
natural resourcerenewable/non-renewableshortageconserveecosystemA defining relative clause (..., which is...)'so' to link a cause and its effect
Kontrol listesi
A Proposal to Protect Nature
Write a short proposal to your school suggesting two or three ways to protect natural resources on campus (for example, water, paper, or energy).
Plan
- Introduce the problem in one sentence.
- Suggest 2-3 clear actions.
- Explain the benefit of each action using 'so'.
- End with a short, encouraging conclusion.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
sustainablerecycleconsumptionconservewasteCause and effect with 'so'Suggestion language (We should.../ I suggest that...)
Kontrol listesi
Adım 7 / 8
Review
Kısa kontroller; yanlışlar seni ilgili bölüme yönlendirir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Kısa soruları cevapla.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Yanlışın varsa önerilen bölüme dön, tekrar et.
- Sonra tema testine geç.
Adım 8 / 8
Theme Test
Temanın tüm becerilerinden sorular.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Tüm soruları cevapla; acele etme.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Sonuç ekranı hangi beceride hata yaptığını gösterir.
- %60 ve üzeri alınca tema tamamlanır.
Tema sonu
My Progress
İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
0 XP
Adımlar
- Vocabulary—
- Play—
- Grammar—
- Reading—
- Listening—
- Use English—
- Review—
- Theme Test—
I can…
Ödev — seviyeni seç
Destek
- Match 8 vocabulary words from this theme with their Turkish meanings.
- Complete 5 gap-fill sentences using 'that', 'which', or 'who' from a given list.
- Read three short sentences about natural resources and mark them true or false.
- Copy and complete 4 sentences with 'so' using a word bank.
Standart
- Write 6 original sentences using defining relative clauses about resources or the environment.
- Write a short paragraph (80-100 words) about one global environmental problem, using 'so' at least twice.
- Complete the theme's vocabulary quiz with all 20+ words.
- Prepare 3 discussion questions about protecting natural resources to ask a partner.
İleri
- Research one real renewable energy project (school-appropriate, general knowledge) and write a 150-word summary using relative clauses and 'so'.
- Write a one-page proposal for a school 'green initiative' with at least three original suggestions.
- Create a short dialogue (8-10 lines) between two people debating a local environmental issue.
- Design a poster plan (in words) explaining how to reduce waste at home, including target vocabulary.
A4 · yazdırılabilir
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