By 2035, this astronaut will have spent over three hundred days in space.
+ a trained astronaut
Astronaut life on space stations · Space explorations · Life in the future
Başlamadan önce
In Theme 16, you will explore Life in the Universe and Future: astronaut life on space stations, space explorations, and predictions about life in the future. You will learn to talk about achievements that will be complete by a future time with the Future Perfect, describe ongoing activities up to a future point with the Future Perfect Progressive, and check predictions with question tags.
Adım 1 / 8
30 hedef kelime
By 2035, this astronaut will have spent over three hundred days in space.
+ a trained astronaut
The crew will have lived on the space station for six months by the end of the mission.
+ live on a space station
Astronauts have to train hard to move safely in zero gravity.
+ float in zero gravity
You must check your spacesuit carefully before you go outside the station.
+ wear a spacesuit
Mission control will have received the final safety report before the launch.
+ contact mission control
The station will have orbited the Earth thousands of times by the end of the year.
+ orbit the Earth
Engineers will have tested the rocket many times before they launch it.
+ launch a rocket
The spacecraft will have travelled millions of kilometres by the time it reaches Mars.
+ pilot a spacecraft
The rover will have been exploring the surface for a whole year by next spring.
+ send a rover
Scientists hope this discovery will change how we understand the universe.
+ make a discovery
Interplanetary travel is no longer just a dream for scientists.
+ interplanetary travel
With this new telescope, astronomers will have observed hundreds of new stars by next year.
+ look through a telescope
Some experts predict humans will have built a colony on Mars by 2100.
+ build a colony
Future space colonies will need a sustainable way to grow food and produce energy.
+ a sustainable system
By 2045, artificial intelligence will have changed the way we live and work.
+ develop artificial intelligence
Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough that will make interplanetary travel safer.
+ a major breakthrough
Many scientists predict that robots will have taken over dangerous space jobs by 2050.
+ predict the future
Advanced technology will have made long space journeys much more comfortable by then.
+ use advanced technology
By the time she returns, the team will have completed over two hundred experiments.
+ run an experiment
By 2035, our crew will have reached the surface of Mars.
+ the space crew
Without gravity, food floats around the space station if you're not careful.
+ float in zero gravity
Astronauts exercise for two hours every day to keep their muscles strong.
+ exercise every day
Without exercise, astronauts' muscles and bones become weak in zero gravity.
+ keep your muscles strong
By Friday, Zara will have completed the last zero-gravity simulation.
+ complete a simulation
By the time we launch, we have to finish all our training.
+ finish the training
New jobs will have appeared, especially in space exploration and sustainable technology.
+ space exploration
Dr Baran said he is optimistic that a colony will be built on Mars by 2075.
+ feel optimistic about the future
Interplanetary travel will finally become realistic for ordinary people.
+ become realistic
It's easy to forget how small our planet looks from the space station.
+ look at our planet
Will you have finished your research proposal before the mission begins?
+ a research proposal
Adım 2 / 8
Kelimeleri oyunla pekiştir.
Öğretmenler: her oyunun sınıfta oynanacak kart sürümü öğretmen sayfasında.
Adım 3 / 8
Kuralı ezberleme; örneklerden kendin keşfet.
Which action happens first, and which point in time comes after it? What is the structure: will + have + …?
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
Use the cues to write true predictions about the future of space travel. Look at the example first.
✓ Scientists will have built a Moon base by 2035.
The crew will have spent six months on the station by June.
Engineers won't have finished the new rocket by next spring.
This telescope will have discovered hundreds of new stars by 2040.
Will astronauts have landed on Mars by 2045?
Scientists won't have solved every problem of long space travel by 2050.
Write three predictions about space exploration using the Future Perfect. Choose a future date for each one.
The Future Perfect (will have + past participle) describes an action that will be completed before a specific point in the future. It is often used with expressions like 'by 2035' or 'by the end of the mission'.
TRFuture Perfect (will have + fiilin 3. hâli), gelecekteki belirli bir zamandan ÖNCE tamamlanmış olacak bir eylemi anlatır. 'By 2035' (2035'e kadar), 'by the end of the mission' (görevin sonuna kadar) gibi ifadelerle sık kullanılır.
We use it to talk about achievements, missions or changes that will be complete by a future date or event — very common when we predict the future of space exploration.
TRGelecekteki bir tarihe ya da olaya kadar tamamlanmış olacak başarıları, görevleri veya değişiklikleri anlatırken kullanılır — özellikle uzay araştırmaları ve gelecek tahminlerinde.
With 'by + a future time', use will have + past participle to show the action will be completed by then, not the simple future.
TR'By + tarih' ile eylemin o tarihe kadar TAMAMLANMIŞ olacağını anlatmak için will değil will have + 3. hâl kullanılır.
Don't forget 'have' in the question form: Will + subject + have + past participle.
TRSoru formunda 'have' unutulmamalı: Will + özne + have + 3. hâl.
Which tense focuses on the LENGTH of an activity up to a point in the future, not just the result?
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
Use the cues to write sentences about the length of activities in space. Look at the example first.
✓ The crew will have been living in zero gravity for a year by the end of the mission.
This rover will have been exploring the surface for twelve months by next spring.
Engineers won't have been testing the new spacesuit for long before the launch.
The telescope will have been orbiting the Earth for ten years by 2040.
How long will scientists have been studying this new planet by the end of the project?
Write two sentences about the future of space exploration, saying how long something will have been happening by a certain time.
The Future Perfect Progressive (will have been + verb-ing) emphasises the DURATION of an activity that continues up to a point in the future. It focuses on how long something has been happening, not just the result.
TRFuture Perfect Progressive (will have been + fiil-ing), gelecekteki bir noktaya kadar SÜREN bir eylemin uzunluğunu vurgular. Sonuçtan çok 'ne kadar süredir' devam ettiğine odaklanır.
We use it to say how long a mission, project or habit will have been continuing by a certain future time.
TRBir görevin, projenin ya da alışkanlığın gelecekteki bir zamana kadar ne kadar süredir devam ediyor olacağını anlatırken kullanılır.
Don't forget 'been': will have BEEN + verb-ing.
TR'been' unutulmamalı: will have BEEN + fiil-ing.
Include 'have been' in the question form.
TRSoruda 'have been' eksik bırakılmamalı.
Future Perfect (will have + 3. hâl) bir eylemin SONUCUNA/tamamlanmasına odaklanır: 'They will have built the base.' Future Perfect Progressive ise SÜREYE odaklanır: 'They will have been building the base for five years.' İkisi de mümkün olduğunda, süre vurgulanacaksa Progressive tercih edilir.
Look at the main sentence and the tag: when the sentence is positive, is the tag positive or negative? What about a negative sentence?
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
Add the correct question tag to each sentence. Look at the example first.
✓ The astronauts will have landed by then, won't they?
This telescope won't have finished its survey by 2030, will it?
You will have joined mission control by the time we launch, won't you?
We won't have solved every problem of space travel by 2050, will we?
The rover will have been exploring the surface for a year by June, won't it?
Write two of your own predictions about the future with the Future Perfect, and add the correct question tag to each.
Question tags check if something is true. If the main sentence is positive (will have + past participle), the tag is negative (won't + pronoun); if the main sentence is negative (won't have + past participle), the tag is positive (will + pronoun). The auxiliary verb in the tag is always 'will'.
TRQuestion tag'ler, cümlenin doğru olup olmadığını teyit etmek için kullanılır. Ana cümle olumluysa (will have + 3. hâl) tag olumsuzdur (won't + zamir); ana cümle olumsuzsa (won't have + 3. hâl) tag olumludur (will + zamir). Yardımcı fiil her zaman aynıdır: will.
We use question tags to confirm a prediction or check someone's opinion — very useful in conversations and debates about the future.
TRBir tahmin veya varsayımı doğrulatmak, karşımızdaki kişinin fikrini sormak için kullanılır; özellikle gelecekle ilgili konuşma ve tartışmalarda kullanışlıdır.
Use the same auxiliary as the main sentence (will), not 'do/don't'.
TRTag'de ana cümledeki yardımcı fiil (will) kullanılır, don't değil.
If the main sentence is negative, the tag must be positive.
TRAna cümle olumsuzsa, tag olumlu olur.
Adım 4 / 8
Özgün metin ve anlama soruları.
My name is Commander Lena Voss, and I have been living on the International Research Station for four months. By the end of this mission, I will have spent almost a year of my life in zero gravity.
Every morning starts the same way. I check my spacesuit, talk to mission control, and review the day's tasks. Without gravity, even simple things like eating breakfast or brushing your teeth become a small adventure — food floats if you're not careful!
In the afternoon, we usually run experiments. Right now, we are growing plants to see if a colony on the Moon could one day grow its own food. By the time I return to Earth, our team will have completed over two hundred experiments.
Exercise is extremely important here. Without it, our muscles and bones become weak in zero gravity, so we exercise for two hours every day. By the end of my mission, I will have been exercising on this station for almost a thousand hours.
In the evening, I like to look out of the window at Earth. It's easy to forget how small our planet looks from up here. I always remind the younger astronauts: by the time your first mission ends, you will have seen more sunrises than most people see in a lifetime — the station orbits the Earth every ninety minutes!
Life here isn't always easy, but I wouldn't change it. When people ask if it's worth it, I always say the same thing: humans will have learned enough about long space missions by the 2030s to finally send astronauts to Mars — and I want to be part of that story.
278 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
For our class project this term, we designed a hypothetical colony on Mars. First, we had to decide who would live there: scientists, engineers, doctors, and farmers who could grow food in a sustainable way.
We predicted that by 2100, the first colony will have grown from just a few hundred people to a small, functioning town. Our group decided the colony would need its own sustainable energy system, because sending fuel from Earth would be far too expensive.
One of the biggest challenges was breathing. Mars doesn't have enough oxygen, so every building needs a special system. We imagined that by the time the colony celebrates its fiftieth anniversary, engineers will have developed advanced technology to make the air completely safe, even outside the main buildings.
We also wrote short scripts for our presentation. In one scene, a scientist explains a new breakthrough in growing food on Mars; in another, two astronauts argue about whether humans should build more colonies or focus on protecting Earth instead.
Working on this project taught us that interplanetary travel isn't just about rockets and spacesuits — it's also about people, teamwork, and difficult decisions. We will have learned a lot more about ourselves than about Mars by the time we finish presenting our project to the class!
214 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
Adım 5 / 8
Dinle, anla, transkriptle kontrol et.
KaanSo, by the time we launch next month, we have to finish all our training. How is yours going?
ZaraGood. By Friday, I will have completed the last zero-gravity simulation. What about the spacesuit checks?
KaanMission control says they will have finished testing our suits by next week.
ZaraPerfect. And by the end of the mission, we will have been living on the station for eight months.
KaanEight months! We won't have seen our families for a very long time, will we?
ZaraNo, we won't. But we'll have video calls. Will you have finished your research proposal before we go?
KaanYes, I will have sent it to mission control by Monday. I'm studying how plants grow without gravity.
ZaraThat's a great project. By 2035, that research could help build the first sustainable colony!
HostDr Baran, thank you for joining us. What will everyday life look like in fifty years?
Dr BaranWell, by 2075, artificial intelligence will have changed almost every part of our lives — from transport to medicine.
HostThat sounds exciting, but also a little frightening. Won't people have lost their jobs?
Dr BaranSome jobs will have disappeared, yes, but new ones will have appeared too — especially in space exploration and sustainable technology.
HostDo you think we will have built a colony on Mars by then?
Dr BaranI do. Scientists will have been researching sustainable colonies for decades by 2075, so I'm optimistic.
HostWhat breakthrough are you personally most excited about?
Dr BaranClean, sustainable energy for spacecraft. Once we solve that, interplanetary travel will finally become realistic for ordinary people, not just astronauts.
Adım 6 / 8
Öğrendiklerini konuşarak ve yazarak kullan.
In groups, design a hypothetical space mission (destination, crew, and goals). Present your plan to the class using the Future Perfect to describe what your mission will have achieved by a certain date.
Debate the motion: 'By 2050, technology will have made our lives better, not worse.' One team argues for, the other against, using predictions with the Future Perfect.
Write a project plan for a hypothetical space colony (on the Moon, Mars, or elsewhere). Describe where it is, who will live there, and what the colony will have achieved by a chosen future date. This is preparation for your performance task.
Imagine you are an astronaut or scientist writing a short message back to Earth from the year 2060. Describe what will have changed in space exploration and everyday life by then.
Adım 7 / 8
Kısa kontroller; yanlışlar seni ilgili bölüme yönlendirir.
Adım 8 / 8
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