endangered
adjective/ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/
nesli tükenmekte olanThe Bengal tiger is an endangered animal.
+ an endangered species
THEME 79. SınıfB1.114 ders saati
Life in the World & Nature
Nature, endangered animals, their natural living conditions and habitats · Protection of endangered animals
Başlamadan önce
What Will I Learn?
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bu temada neyi öğreneceğini oku.
- Aşağıdaki 8 adımı sırayla takip et; üstteki sekmelerden de geçebilirsin.
- Her adımın sonunda “Bu adımı tamamladım”a bas.
- İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
In Theme 7, you will learn about endangered animals like tigers, whales and cheetahs, their natural habitats such as grasslands, oceans and deserts, and the ways people try to protect wildlife. You will learn to talk about the past with 'was/were' and 'there was/there were', and to give advice, recommendations and obligations about protecting nature with 'should'.
Konular
- Nature, endangered animals, their natural living conditions and habitats
- Protection of endangered animals
Dil yapıları
- Simple Present: facts
- Simple Past: was / were
- There was / there were
- Should: advice, obligation
Anlayabileceğim
- An article about saving the Bengal tiger from extinction
- A student's diary about a school trip to a nature reserve
- A dialogue between classmates about a class trip to a nature reserve
- A conversation between students planning a project on endangered animals
Söyleyebileceğim
- Describe what a habitat was like in the past and how it has changed
- Give advice and recommendations about protecting endangered animals
- Ask and answer about animals, habitats and conservation using was/were and should
- Take part in a short class debate about what we should do to protect wildlife
Yazabileceğim
- A short fact file about an endangered animal
- A letter to a local newspaper about protecting wildlife
Çalışma yolu
Adım 1 / 8
Vocabulary
22 hedef kelime
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Her kartta kelimeyi oku, hoparlör düğmesiyle dinle.
- Örnek cümleyi yüksek sesle tekrar et.
- “Anlamları gizle” ile kendini test et; anlamı görmek için üstüne dokun.
- Bilmediğin kelimeleri defterine yaz.
species
noun/ˈspiːʃiːz/
türThere are only a few thousand of this species left in the wild.
+ an endangered species
extinct
adjective/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
nesli tükenmişDinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago.
+ become extinct
habitat
noun/ˈhæbɪtæt/
yaşam alanı, habitatThe ocean is the natural habitat of the whale.
+ a natural habitat
wildlife
noun/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/
yaban hayatı, vahşi yaşamThe national park protects the wildlife of the region.
+ protect wildlife
nature reserve
noun phrase/ˈneɪtʃə(r) rɪˈzɜːv/
doğa koruma alanıThere is a large nature reserve near our town.
+ visit a nature reserve
shelter
noun/ˈʃeltə(r)/
barınak, sığınakThe centre gives injured animals food and shelter.
+ give shelter to
grassland
noun/ˈɡrɑːslænd/
otlak, çayırlıkCheetahs run fast across the open grasslands.
+ open grassland
ocean
noun/ˈəʊʃn/
okyanusWhales travel thousands of kilometres across the ocean.
+ across the ocean
desert
noun/ˈdezət/
çölVery few animals can survive in the hot desert.
+ cross the desert
rainforest
noun/ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/
yağmur ormanıMany endangered species live in the rainforest.
+ in the rainforest
tiger
noun/ˈtaɪɡə(r)/
kaplanThe tiger is one of the most endangered big cats in the world.
+ a wild tiger
whale
noun/weɪl/
balinaThe blue whale is the largest animal on Earth.
+ watch a whale
cheetah
noun/ˈtʃiːtə/
çitaA cheetah can run faster than any other land animal.
+ a cheetah's habitat
illegal
adjective/ɪˈliːɡl/
yasa dışıIt is illegal to hunt endangered animals in this country.
+ illegal hunting
hunting
noun/ˈhʌntɪŋ/
avlanma, avcılıkIllegal hunting is one of the biggest threats to tigers.
+ illegal hunting
poacher
noun/ˈpəʊtʃə(r)/
kaçak avcıPoachers sometimes hunt elephants for their tusks.
+ catch a poacher
survive
verb/səˈvaɪv/
hayatta kalmak, sağ kalmakSome animals cannot survive when their habitat is destroyed.
+ survive in the wild
protect
verb/prəˈtekt/
korumakNew laws now protect this species from hunters.
+ protect an animal
conservation
noun/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/
koruma, muhafazaThe zoo runs a conservation project for endangered big cats.
+ a conservation project
threat
noun/θret/
tehditClimate change is a serious threat to many species.
+ a threat to wildlife
climate change
noun phrase/ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/
iklim değişikliğiClimate change is destroying habitats around the world.
+ caused by climate change
Adım 2 / 8
Play
Kelimeleri oyunla pekiştir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Bir oyun seç ve Başla’ya bas.
- Her cevaptan sonra hemen doğru/yanlış görürsün.
- Sonunda tekrar etmen gereken kelimeler listelenir.
- %70 ve üzeri alınca bu adım tamamlanır.
Öğretmenler: her oyunun sınıfta oynanacak kart sürümü öğretmen sayfasında.
Adım 3 / 8
Grammar
Kuralı ezberleme; örneklerden kendin keşfet.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Notice: Örnek cümlelerdeki renkli kısımlara bak.
- Discover: Kuralı tamamla, ipuçlarıyla cümle kur, sonra kendi cümlelerini yaz.
- Rule ve Form tablosunu oku; sık yapılan hatalara dikkat et.
- Practice: Soruları cevapla, “Kontrol et”e bas.
Past Simple: was/were & there was/there were
1 · Notice
- Fifty years ago, there were thousands of tigers in this forest.
- Ten years ago, this area was a safe habitat for cheetahs.
- There wasn't a nature reserve here in 1990.
- Was there a shelter for injured animals last year? — Yes, there was.
Which form goes with singular nouns and which with plural nouns? How do we talk about something existing (or not existing) in the past?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
waswerethere wasthere were
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
B Build sentences
Use the cues to write true or logical sentences about habitats in the past. Look at the example first.
- Fifty years ago thousands of tigers in this forest
✓ Fifty years ago, there were thousands of tigers in this forest.
- this area a safe habitat for cheetahs
Model answer
This area was a safe habitat for cheetahs.
- there not / a nature reserve here in 1990
Model answer
There wasn't a nature reserve here in 1990.
- ? / there a shelter for injured animals last year
Model answer
Was there a shelter for injured animals last year?
- the ocean not / polluted fifty years ago
Model answer
The ocean wasn't polluted fifty years ago.
- ? / there many whales in this ocean last century
Model answer
Were there many whales in this ocean last century?
C Your turn
Write three sentences about an animal's habitat in the past, using was/were and there was/there were.
In the past, there was/were...This habitat was...There wasn't...
Rule
'Was/were' is the past form of 'to be': use 'was' with I/he/she/it and 'were' with you/we/they. 'There was/there were' says that something (or an animal) existed in the past: 'there was' for one, 'there were' for more than one.
TR'Was/were' geçmiş zamanda 'to be' fiilinin hâlidir; I/he/she/it ile 'was', you/we/they ile 'were' kullanılır. 'There was/there were' bir şeyin ya da hayvanın geçmişte var olup olmadığını anlatır: tekil için 'there was', çoğul için 'there were'.
When?
We use this to describe what an animal or a natural place was like in the past, and to say whether something existed in the past — for example, describing how a habitat used to be.
TRBir hayvanın veya doğal alanın geçmişte nasıl olduğunu ve geçmişte var olup olmadığını anlatırken kullanırız; örneğin bir habitatın eskiden nasıl olduğunu tarif ederken.
3 · Form
Positive
- There were many whales in this ocean.
- This forest was the tiger's habitat.
Negative
- There wasn't a nature reserve here before.
- The desert wasn't this dry fifty years ago.
Question
- Was there a shelter for injured animals?
- Were there cheetahs in this grassland?
Short answers
- Yes, there was. / No, there wasn't.
- Yes, there were. / No, there weren't.
Mistakes
- There was thousands of tigers.There were thousands of tigers.
Use 'there were' with plural nouns, not 'there was'.
TRÇoğul isimle 'there were' kullanılır, 'there was' değil.
- This forest were a safe habitat.This forest was a safe habitat.
Use 'was' with a singular subject.
TRTekil özneyle 'was' kullanılır.
4 · Practice
Challenge
Should: advice, recommendation and obligation
1 · Notice
- We should protect endangered animals like tigers and whales.
- Poachers shouldn't hunt endangered species illegally.
- You should report illegal hunting to the local authorities.
- Should we build more nature reserves? — Yes, we should.
Which sentences give advice or a recommendation? Which show that something is (or isn't) the right thing to do? How do we make 'should' negative and a question?
2 · Discover
A Complete the rule
Look at the Notice sentences again. Complete the rule with the words in the box.
shouldshouldn'tShouldbase verb
Well done! You found the rule yourself. Now let's use it.
B Build sentences
Use the cues to write sentences with should/shouldn't about protecting wildlife. Look at the example first.
- we protect endangered animals like tigers and whales
✓ We should protect endangered animals like tigers and whales.
- poachers not / hunt endangered species illegally
Model answer
Poachers shouldn't hunt endangered species illegally.
- you report illegal hunting to the local authorities
Model answer
You should report illegal hunting to the local authorities.
- ? / we build more nature reserves
Model answer
Should we build more nature reserves?
- people not / buy products made from endangered animals
Model answer
People shouldn't buy products made from endangered animals.
- ? / governments spend more money on conservation
Model answer
Should governments spend more money on conservation?
C Your turn
Write three sentences with should/shouldn't giving advice about protecting an endangered animal or its habitat.
We should...People shouldn't...Governments should...
Rule
We use 'should' to give advice, make a recommendation or talk about an obligation — 'ought to'. Negative: shouldn't. Question: Should + subject + base verb? Always use the base verb after should/shouldn't.
TR'Should' tavsiye, öneri veya bir yükümlülük belirtmek için kullanılır; 'gerekir/-meli/-malı' anlamı taşır. Olumsuzda 'shouldn't', soruda 'should' özneden önce gelir. Should'dan sonra fiilin yalın hâli kullanılır.
When?
We use this to give people or governments advice about protecting wildlife and habitats, and to say what is or isn't the right thing to do.
TRİnsanlara veya hükümetlere yaban hayatını ve habitatları korumaları için tavsiye verirken, doğru ya da yanlış davranışları belirtirken kullanırız.
3 · Form
Positive
- We should protect this species.
- Governments should build more reserves.
Negative
- Poachers shouldn't hunt illegally.
- You shouldn't disturb wild animals.
Question
- Should we report illegal hunting?
- Should people buy products from endangered animals?
Short answers
- Yes, we should. / No, we shouldn't.
- Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't.
Mistakes
- We should to protect endangered animals.We should protect endangered animals.
Don't use 'to' after should.
TRShould'dan sonra 'to' gelmez.
- He shoulds report illegal hunting.He should report illegal hunting.
Should never takes -s, even with he/she/it.
TRShould, he/she/it ile de değişmez, -s almaz.
4 · Practice
Challenge
Adım 4 / 8
Reading
Özgün metin ve anlama soruları.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Başlığa bakıp tahmin et.
- Metni önce hızlıca, sonra dikkatle oku.
- While: Soruları cevapla ve kontrol et.
- After: Konuşma sorularını düşün ya da yaz.
1 Before reading
- Look at the title. What do you already know about tigers and why they are endangered?
- Guess: what two or three threats do you think tigers face today?
Saving the Bengal Tiger
A hundred years ago, there were more than 100,000 tigers living in the wild across Asia. Today, there are only a few thousand left, and the Bengal tiger is one of the most endangered big cats in the world.
Bengal tigers live in grasslands and forests, mostly in India, Bangladesh and Nepal. Fifty years ago, their habitat was much bigger, and there were plenty of grasslands and forests for them to hunt in. Today, much of that habitat has disappeared because of farming and new towns.
Illegal hunting is another serious threat. Poachers sometimes kill tigers illegally and sell their skin and bones, even though this is against the law almost everywhere. Climate change is also a growing threat, because it changes the grasslands and forests where tigers live.
Conservation groups are working hard to help. They protect large areas of grassland as nature reserves, where tigers can live safely. In some reserves, there weren't many tigers ten years ago, but numbers are slowly growing again thanks to this protection.
Experts say that everyone should help protect the Bengal tiger. Governments should create more nature reserves, and people shouldn't buy products made from endangered animals. If we protect their habitat now, future generations should still be able to see wild tigers.
211 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- Why do you think it is important to protect tigers, not just for tigers but for the whole habitat?
- Write two sentences about what you think governments should do to protect endangered animals.
1 Before reading
- What do you think students can see and learn on a school trip to a nature reserve?
- Guess two rules that visitors probably should follow in a nature reserve.
A Diary from Green Valley Nature Reserve
Monday, 14 September — Today our class visited Green Valley Nature Reserve, and it was an unforgettable day! Our guide, Ms Aylin, told us that fifty years ago, this whole area was open grassland, and there were cheetahs and other wild animals living here freely.
We started with a short talk about the reserve's history. Ms Aylin explained that there wasn't a proper shelter for injured animals here until 2015, when the reserve built a new animal hospital. Now the shelter helps hundreds of animals every year.
Next, we walked along a nature trail and saw the reserve's small lake, where migrating birds stop to rest. Ms Aylin said that this species of bird was almost extinct thirty years ago, but thanks to conservation work, there are now hundreds of them again.
In the afternoon, a ranger explained why illegal hunting is such a big problem for wildlife, and why poachers are a serious threat to endangered species. She said that visitors should always stay on the paths and shouldn't feed the wild animals, because it can be dangerous for both people and animals.
By the end of the day, I understood something important: we should all do our part to protect wildlife, whether that means supporting a nature reserve, reporting illegal hunting, or simply learning more about the animals that share our planet.
224 kelime · yaklaşık 2 dk
2 While reading
3 After reading
- If you visited a nature reserve, which animal or habitat would you most want to see? Why?
- Write two sentences about what visitors should and shouldn't do in a nature reserve.
Adım 5 / 8
Listening
Dinle, anla, transkriptle kontrol et.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Before: Ne duyacağını tahmin et.
- Kaydı dinle; transkripti kapalı tut.
- Soruları cevapla, kontrol et.
- Son olarak transkriptle kontrol et ve tekrar dinle.
A Class Trip to the Nature Reserve
1 Before listening
- You will hear two students, Deniz and Elif, talking about their class trip to a nature reserve.
- Guess: what two things do you think they will talk about — an animal, a place, or a rule?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
DenizThat trip to Green Valley Nature Reserve was amazing! I didn't know there were cheetahs so close to our town.
ElifI know! Ms Aylin said that fifty years ago, this whole area was open grassland, full of wild animals.
DenizReally? So there weren't any farms or roads here back then?
ElifNo, there weren't. It was all natural habitat. Now only the reserve protects that grassland.
DenizI liked the animal shelter too. Was there always a shelter like that?
ElifNo, there wasn't — it opened in 2015. Before that, injured animals didn't have anywhere safe to go.
DenizWe should visit again next year. Maybe we can join a conservation project.
ElifGood idea! I think we should ask our teacher about that tomorrow.
3 After listening
- Have you ever visited a nature reserve or a zoo? What did you see there?
- Write one sentence with 'there was/were' about a place you know well in the past.
Planning a Project on Endangered Animals
1 Before listening
- You will hear two students planning a class project about an endangered animal.
- Predict: what advice do you think they will give about protecting it?
0:00
2 While listening
Transkripti göster
DenizFor our project, I think we should choose the cheetah. It's endangered and really interesting.
ElifGood idea. We should explain its habitat first — grasslands, mostly in Africa.
DenizRight. And we shouldn't forget the threats — illegal hunting and habitat loss.
ElifExactly. I read that we should also mention climate change as a threat.
DenizShould we include some advice for our classmates too? Like what they can do?
ElifYes, definitely. We should tell them not to buy illegal animal products.
DenizGood point. Should we make a poster or a short presentation?
ElifLet's do both — a poster with pictures, and a short spoken presentation.
3 After listening
- If you planned a project about an endangered animal, which animal would you choose? Why?
- Write one sentence with 'should' giving advice about protecting an animal you know.
Adım 6 / 8
Use English
Öğrendiklerini konuşarak ve yazarak kullan.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Useful language kutusundaki kalıpları oku.
- Konuşma görevini bir arkadaşınla yap ya da kendini kaydet.
- Yazma planını izleyerek taslağını yaz.
- Kontrol listesi ile yazını gözden geçir.
Then and Now: Describing a Habitat
Choose a habitat (real or invented, for creative-speaking purposes) and describe how it was in the past and what it is like now, using was/were and there was/there were.
Useful language
Fifty years ago, there was/were...This area was/wasn't...Today, there is/isn't...Was there...? — Yes, there was. / No, there wasn't.
Adımlar
- In pairs, choose a habitat: a forest, a grassland, an ocean or a desert.
- Think of three things that were true about it in the past.
- Think of how it has changed today.
- Take turns describing your habitat's past and present to your partner.
- Share one interesting fact with the whole class.
DestekGive students a list of sample sentence starters before they start.
HedefDescribe at least three past facts and one present-day comparison.
İleriFast finishers add one question with 'was/were there' for their partner to answer.
What Should We Do? — A Wildlife Roundtable
In small groups, discuss what should and shouldn't be done to protect an endangered animal of your choice, then agree on three pieces of advice to share with the class.
Useful language
I think we should...People shouldn't...Governments should...Should we...? — Yes, I think so. / No, I don't think so.
Adımlar
- In groups, choose one endangered animal to discuss.
- Each student suggests one piece of advice using 'should' or 'shouldn't'.
- Discuss and agree on the group's three best pieces of advice.
- Prepare a short spokesperson summary for the class.
- Present your group's advice to the class.
DestekGive a list of sample advice sentences for lower-level students.
HedefThree pieces of advice with should/shouldn't, presented to the class.
İleriFast finishers add one sentence about what tourists should do in a nature reserve.
An Endangered Animal Fact File
Write a short fact file about an endangered animal (real or invented, for creative-writing purposes). Include its habitat, what it was like in the past, and at least two things people should do to protect it.
Plan
- Choose a title for your fact file, e.g. 'All About the Snow Leopard'.
- Note the animal's habitat and one fact about it in the past.
- List two or three threats it faces.
- Add two sentences of advice using 'should'.
- Check your grammar and punctuation.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
endangeredhabitatspeciesthreatconservationprotectThere was/were...Its habitat is...We should...People shouldn't...
Kontrol listesi
A Letter to a Local Newspaper about Protecting Wildlife
Imagine you are writing a short letter to a local newspaper about protecting wildlife near your town (real or invented, for creative-writing purposes). Explain what the habitat used to be like and what people should do now.
Plan
- Choose a habitat or animal near your town to write about.
- Say what it was like in the past using 'was/were'.
- Explain the main threat it faces now.
- Give two pieces of advice using 'should'.
- End with a polite closing sentence.
Kullanabileceğin kelime ve kalıplar
wildlifenature reserveillegalprotectsurviveconservationIn the past, there was/were...Now, ...I think we should...We shouldn't...
Kontrol listesi
Adım 7 / 8
Review
Kısa kontroller; yanlışlar seni ilgili bölüme yönlendirir.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Kısa soruları cevapla.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Yanlışın varsa önerilen bölüme dön, tekrar et.
- Sonra tema testine geç.
Adım 8 / 8
Theme Test
Temanın tüm becerilerinden sorular.
Nasıl çalışılır?
- Tüm soruları cevapla; acele etme.
- Kontrol et’e bas.
- Sonuç ekranı hangi beceride hata yaptığını gösterir.
- %60 ve üzeri alınca tema tamamlanır.
Tema sonu
My Progress
İlerlemen bu tarayıcıda saklanır; hesap gerekmez.
0 XP
Adımlar
- Vocabulary—
- Play—
- Grammar—
- Reading—
- Listening—
- Use English—
- Review—
- Theme Test—
I can…
Ödev — seviyeni seç
Destek
- Match 8 vocabulary words (endangered, habitat, wildlife, shelter, etc.) to their Turkish meanings.
- Complete 5 gap-fill sentences about the past using was/were.
- Copy out 4 sentences about protecting wildlife and underline 'should' or 'shouldn't' in each one.
- Complete a short gap-fill about an animal's habitat in the past using 'there was/there were'.
Standart
- Write 5 fact-file sentences about an endangered animal using 'was/were' and 'should'.
- Complete the Grammar 1 (Was/were) and Grammar 2 (Should) practice sections online.
- Write a short dialogue (6-8 lines) where two students plan a project about an endangered animal.
- Choose five vocabulary words from this theme and use each one in your own sentence about wildlife.
İleri
- Research one endangered animal online and write a short paragraph (80-100 words) about its habitat and how it can be protected, using 'was/were' and 'should'.
- Record a 1-minute voice note describing a habitat in the past and giving two pieces of advice about protecting it.
- Design a one-page poster about an endangered animal, including its habitat, threats and what people should do to help.
- Interview a family member about how a local natural area has changed over the years and write a 100-word paragraph about it.
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