Personal Life & Well-Being

• Last month I caught a bad cold and stayed in bed for three days.
• I was feeling really anxious when the phone rang with my exam results.
• While Selin was jogging in the park, she twisted her ankle.
• At 8 p.m. yesterday, I was doing a breathing exercise to calm down after a stressful day.

Which actions were short and complete? Which action was already in progress when something else happened? Where do 'while' and 'when' usually go?

We use these tenses to describe a past illness, accident or stressful moment, and to show that one action was happening when another one occurred.

TRGeçmişte yaşadığımız bir hastalık, kaza ya da stresli bir anı anlatırken; bir eylem devam ederken başka bir şeyin olduğunu belirtirken bu zamanları kullanırız.

• While I jogged, my phone rang.While I was jogging, my phone rang.

  'While' usually introduces an ongoing action (Past Progressive), not a short completed one.

  TR'While' genellikle devam eden bir eylemi (Past Progressive) tanıtır.

• I was catching a cold last week.I caught a cold last week.

  A single, completed event needs the Simple Past, not the Past Progressive.

  TRAnlık, tamamlanmış bir eylem için Simple Past kullanılır.

• She was feel stressed yesterday.She was feeling stressed yesterday.

  The Past Progressive always needs -ing on the main verb.

  TRPast Progressive'de fiile mutlaka -ing eklenir.

• As a child, I could run for hours without getting tired.
• I used to eat a lot of junk food, but now I try to eat more vegetables.
• Every summer, my grandmother would take a long walk before breakfast.
• We didn't use to worry so much about screen time when we were younger.

Which word talks about a past ability? Which two describe repeated past habits? Which one is NOT normally used for past states like 'live' or 'have'?

We use these forms to describe past abilities, habits and states that have changed, especially when comparing old and new habits related to health and well-being.

TRGeçmişteki yeteneklerimizi, alışkanlıklarımızı ve şimdi farklı olan durumlarımızı anlatırken; sağlık, spor ya da yeme alışkanlıklarındaki değişimi karşılaştırırken bu yapıları kullanırız.

• I would live in İzmir when I was a child.I used to live in İzmir when I was a child.

  'Would' is not used with state verbs like live, have or like; use 'used to' instead.

  TR'Would' durum bildiren fiillerle (live, have, like) kullanılmaz; bunun yerine 'used to' kullanılır.

• She use to exercise every day.She used to exercise every day.

  In positive sentences, 'used to' always keeps the -d, unlike the question/negative form ('use to').

  TROlumlu cümlede 'used to' her zaman -d ile yazılır.

• I could improved my diet last year.I improved my diet last year. / I was able to improve my diet last year.

  For a single successful past achievement (not a general ability), use the Simple Past or 'was/were able to', not 'could'.

  TRGeçmişte TEK BİR başarılı eylem için 'could' değil, Simple Past ya da 'was/were able to' kullanılır.

• How long have you had that cough?
• Why did you feel so anxious before the presentation?
• How often do you check your phone during the day?
• What helped you recover from the stress of exam season?

What information does each question word ask for — duration, reason, frequency or a thing/action? What comes right after the question word?

We use wh- questions to get detailed information about health, feelings and habits — for example, to ask how long a symptom has lasted or why someone feels stressed.

TRSağlık, duygular ve alışkanlıklar hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi almak istediğimizde wh- sorularını kullanırız — örneğin bir semptomun ne kadar sürdüğünü ya da neden stresli hissettiğimizi sormak için.

• How long you have had this cough?How long have you had this cough?

  In a wh- question, the auxiliary comes before the subject, not after.

  TRWh- sorularda yardımcı fiil özneden ÖNCE gelir.

• How often you check your phone?How often do you check your phone?

  Don't forget the auxiliary do/does in a Simple Present question.

  TRSimple Present'ta yardımcı fiil (do/does) unutulmamalı.

• You didn't sleep well last night, did you?
• She used to play a lot of sport, didn't she?
• You were feeling stressed before the test, weren't you?
• We couldn't finish the relaxation exercise in time, could we?

When the main sentence is negative, is the tag positive or negative? What auxiliary verb does each tag repeat?

We use these tags to check or confirm information about a past situation or habit, especially when talking about health and feelings.

TRGeçmişte yaşanan bir durumu ya da alışkanlığı teyit etmek istediğimizde, özellikle sağlık ve duygu durumu hakkında sohbet ederken bu tag'leri kullanırız.

• You used to smoke, usedn't you?You used to smoke, didn't you?

  Tags for 'used to' sentences always use did/didn't, never 'usedn't'.

  TR'used to' cümlelerinde tag her zaman did/didn't ile yapılır.

• You couldn't sleep, could you not?You couldn't sleep, could you?

  Negative tags use the contracted form (couldn't, wasn't); 'could you not' is not a natural tag.

  TROlumsuz tag'lerde kısaltma kullanılır ('couldn't', 'wasn't' gibi); 'could you not' doğal değildir.

• I've had this cough for three days and it started after the school trip.
• She's really good at dealing with stress.
• Talking about your feelings can help you cope with anxiety.
• He went to the doctor's because of a persistent headache.

Which prepositions go with time (for, after)? Which prepositions are 'fixed' after certain words (good at, cope with, talk about)? What comes after 'because of'?

We need the correct prepositions when describing how long a health or emotional state has lasted, its cause, or how someone deals with it.

TRBir sağlık ya da duygu durumunun ne kadar sürdüğünü, sebebini ya da onunla nasıl başa çıkıldığını anlatırken doğru edatları kullanmamız gerekir.

• I'm good in managing stress.I'm good at managing stress.

  The adjective 'good' is followed by 'at', not 'in'.

  TR'good' sıfatından sonra 'at' kullanılır, 'in' değil.

• He missed school because of he was ill.He missed school because he was ill. / He missed school because of his illness.

  'Because of' takes a noun/-ing form; a full clause needs plain 'because'.

  TR'Because of' bir isim/-ing alır; tam cümle için 'because' kullanılır.

• I've felt tired since three days.I've felt tired for three days.

  Use 'for' with a length of time and 'since' with a specific starting point.

  TRSüre miktarı için 'for', belirli bir başlangıç noktası için 'since' kullanılır.