Family Life & Home

• My grandmother was a teacher forty years ago.
• There were three children in my father's family.
• There wasn't a television in every home back then.
• Were your grandparents born in this city?

What do you notice about the form of 'be' when we talk about the past, and how does 'there was/were' introduce something that existed?

Use was with I/he/she/it and were with you/we/they. Use there was/were to say something existed or happened.

TRI/he/she/it ile was, you/we/they ile were kullanılır. There was/were bir şeyin var olduğunu veya gerçekleştiğini söylemek için kullanılır.

• There was three bedrooms in the old house.There were three bedrooms in the old house.

  Bedrooms is plural, so we need were, not was.

  TRBedrooms çoğul olduğu için was değil were kullanılmalıdır.

• My parents was young when they got married.My parents were young when they got married.

  Parents is plural, so we need were, not was.

  TRParents çoğul olduğu için was değil were kullanılmalıdır.

• Your family lives in a flat, doesn't it?
• Your brother likes football, doesn't he?
• You weren't at home yesterday, were you?
• Your parents can't cook, can they?

What do you notice about the tag after a positive sentence and the tag after a negative sentence?

We use question tags in spoken English to confirm information we think is true or to invite the listener to agree.

TRQuestion tag'ler, doğru olduğunu düşündüğümüz bir bilgiyi teyit etmek veya karşımızdaki kişinin onayını almak için konuşma dilinde kullanılır.

• Your father works hard, doesn't your father?Your father works hard, doesn't he?

  The tag uses a pronoun, not the full noun again.

  TRTag kısmında isim değil zamir kullanılır.

• You aren't tired, aren't you?You aren't tired, are you?

  A negative statement needs a positive tag.

  TROlumsuz bir cümle olumlu bir tag alır.

• My grandfather could speak three languages.
• When I was five, I couldn't ride a bicycle.
• Could your grandmother cook traditional dishes?
• My mother could play the violin when she was a child.

What do you notice about the form of could and how it describes past ability?

Use could for a general past ability, not for one specific successful action (for that we use managed to / was able to).

TRCould, geçmişteki genel bir yeteneği anlatmak için kullanılır; tek seferlik başarılı bir eylem için managed to / was able to kullanılır.

• My grandmother could to cook very well.My grandmother could cook very well.

  Could is a modal verb and is followed by the base form without 'to'.

  TRCould bir yardımcı fiildir ve sonrasında 'to' almadan fiilin yalın hali gelir.

• She couldn't swimming when she was young.She couldn't swim when she was young.

  After couldn't we use the base form of the verb, not -ing.

  TRCouldn't sonrasında fiilin yalın hali kullanılır, -ing hali değil.

• My grandmother used to walk to school every day.
• We didn't use to have a car in our family.
• Did your family use to live in the countryside?
• My father used to play football with his brothers.

What do you notice about the form 'used to' and what kind of past actions it describes?

Use used to for repeated actions or states in the past that have changed. It has no present form.

TRUsed to, geçmişte tekrarlanan ancak artık değişmiş olan eylem veya durumlar için kullanılır; şimdiki zaman hali yoktur.

• My grandmother uses to cook every day.My grandmother used to cook every day.

  Used to only describes the past, so 'uses to' does not exist.

  TRUsed to yalnızca geçmişi anlatır, 'uses to' diye bir yapı yoktur.

• We didn't used to have a garden.We didn't use to have a garden.

  After didn't, we use the base form 'use to', not 'used to'.

  TRDidn't'ten sonra 'used to' değil, yalın hal olan 'use to' kullanılır.