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🏙️ City Life

Gramer: Second Conditional (If + Past Simple, would + V1)

Şehir yaşamı temasıyla şu an gerçek olmayan durumları If + Past Simple, would + V1 yapısıyla ve dileklerini I wish ile anlatmayı öğreniyorsun.

📚 10 kelime📐 Konu anlatımı📖 Okuma + 4 soru✏️ 15 alıştırma✍️ 2 yazma görevi

📄PDF indir yazdırılabilir · cevap anahtarlı 📝Word indir düzenlenebilir .docx

🎯 Bu ünitede neler öğreneceksin?

📚
Kelime
10 kelime ve kalıp — If I were you, I would · commute / the commute · urban sprawl …
📐
Gramer
Second Conditional (If + Past Simple, would + V1)
📖
Okuma
“Istanbul: The City That Never Sleeps” metni ve 4 anlama sorusu
✍️
Yazma
Şehir tasarımı · Hayali şehir

İlerlemen 0/5📚 Kelimeler📐 Gramer📖 Okuma✏️ Alıştırmalar✍️ Yazma

Kelimeler ve kalıplar: City Life

Bu ünitenin temel kelime ve kalıpları. Önce anlamlarını oku, sonra Okuma metninde bul.

#	Kelime / Kalıp	Türkçe açıklama
1	If I were you, I would...	Senin yerinde olsaydım, ...rdım (tavsiye + 2. koşul)
2	commute / the commute	İşe gidip gelme — günlük yolculuk
3	urban sprawl	Şehrin düzensiz/kontrolsüz büyümesi
4	infrastructure	Altyapı — yollar, enerji, su sistemleri
5	pedestrian zone	Yaya bölgesi — araç trafiğine kapalı alan
6	affordable housing	Uygun fiyatlı konut — kiranın altında yaşayan
7	gentrification	Mahallenin soylulaşması — ucuz mahalle pahalılaşır
8	If only there were more parks!	Keşke daha fazla park olsaydı! (dilek)
9	cost of living	Yaşam maliyeti — her şeyin toplam masrafı
10	overpopulated	Aşırı nüfuslanmış — gereğinden fazla insan

💡 Kuralı öğrendikten sonra Okuma sekmesindeki sarı işaretli yapıları incele, sonra Alıştırmalar'a geç.

Second Conditional & Wish

Second Conditional şu an gerçek olmayan ya da gerçekleşmesi zor olan durumları anlatır. Wish ise şu an olmayan bir şeyi dilemek için kullanılır. İkisi de geçmiş zaman kipi kullanır ama geçmiş anlamı taşımaz!

📌 Second Conditional

If clause	Main clause	Örnek
If + Past Simple	would/could + V1	If I had more time, I would travel more.
If + were	would + V1	If I were you, I wouldn't accept that offer.

📌 Wish — Şu anki dilekler

Yapı	Anlam	Örnek
I wish + Past Simple	Şu an olmayan şey	I wish I knew the answer. (bilmiyorum)
I wish + were	Şu anki durum	I wish I were taller. (değilim)
I wish + would	Davranış değişikliği isteği	I wish he would stop smoking. (sinirlisin)

🚨

IMPORTANT — Wish ile geçmiş zaman = şimdiki anlam!

"I wish I had more money." → Şu an param yok, keşke olsaydı.
"had" geçmiş zamandır ama anlam şu andır!
❌ ~~I wish I have more money.~~ (Present tense — yanlış)
✅ I wish I had more money.

🌍

REAL ENGLISH — Günlük kullanım

"If only I were taller!" → Keşke daha uzun olsaydım!
"I wish the weather would change." → Hava değişse keşke.
"If I were you, I'd talk to him." → Senin yerinde olsam, onunla konuşurdum.
"I wish I could help you." → Keşke yardım edebilseydim. (edemiyorum)

📘 Bu konuyu Visual Grammar serisinde detaylı çalış → ›

📄

Istanbul: The City That Never Sleeps

sarı işaretli kelimeler bu ünitenin hedef yapıları ve kalıplarıdır.

Istanbul is extraordinary — a city where two continents meet, where 8,000 years of history breathe in every stone. But it is also a city under enormous pressure. Traffic, overcrowding, and soaring costs are testing its residents every single day.

"If the metro system were expanded to every district, I wouldn't spend three hours in traffic every day," says Mehmet, a teacher who commutes from the Asian side. "If I could afford to live in the city centre, I absolutely would — but rents have risen enormously in recent years."

Urban planner Defne has ambitious ideas. "If we converted even 20% of our roads to pedestrian zones and cycling paths, air quality would improve dramatically. If we invested properly in public transport, thousands of people would leave their cars at home. Pollution would drop overnight."

But change is slow. "If politicians listened to urban planners more seriously, our cities would be profoundly different," she says. "If I were the mayor, I would start with the most basic things: cleaner air, safer streets, affordable housing for working families."

What would your city look like if you could design it from scratch?

📝 Comprehension Questions · Anlama soruları

1What is Mehmet's main daily problem?

He spends 3 hours in traffic commuting from the Asian side.

2What two changes would Defne make to improve air quality?

Converting roads to pedestrian/cycling zones and investing in public transport.

3According to Defne, what would happen if politicians listened to urban planners more?

Cities would be profoundly different.

4Find 3 second conditionals in the text and identify: (1) the if-clause verb, (2) the result verb.

e.g. If the metro were expanded (past) + wouldn't spend (would+V1) / If we converted (past) + would improve (would+V1)

Alıştırmalar: Second Conditional ve Wish

0Doğru

0Yanlış

0XP

0%Başarı

1If I ___ more money, I'd buy a flat in the city.

2If she ___ harder, she would improve much faster.

3If I were you, I ___ that offer immediately.

4What would you do if you ___ the lottery?

5If the metro ___ better, fewer people would drive.

6He ___ more friends if he were less shy.

7If they ___ in the city centre, they wouldn't need a car.

8If I ___ the prime minister, I'd fix public transport first.

9She could get a better job if she ___ another language.

10If public transport ___ free, would you use it?

11I ___ much happier if I had a shorter commute.

12What would you buy if you ___ unlimited money?

13If they built more parks, the city ___ more liveable.

14He might find a flat if he ___ in different areas.

15If I ___ Turkish food every day, I'd never get bored.

✍️ Öğrendiklerini serbest yazıya dök. Yazdıkların bu tarayıcıda saklanır; her görevin altında örnek cevap var.

1Şehir tasarımı

Complete these sentences with your own ideas: 1-) If I were the mayor of my city, I would... 2-) If I could live anywhere in the world, I would choose ___ because... 3-) My city would be much better if...

0 kelime

If I were the mayor of my city, I would immediately build more cycle paths and green spaces. If I could live anywhere in Turkey, I would choose a small seaside town because life would be much less stressful. My city would be considerably better if there were fewer cars and more parks.

2Hayali şehir

Describe your ideal city. What would it look like? What would be different from where you live now? Write 5 sentences using the second conditional.

0 kelime

In my ideal city, all public transport would be electric and completely free for citizens. There would be parks and trees lining every street. Private cars would be banned from the city centre. People would walk and cycle everywhere. Life would be cleaner, quieter, and much healthier for everyone.