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B1 · Pre-Intermediate · Ünite 7 / 10

📖 Telling Stories

Gramer: Narrative Tenses (Past Simple + Past Continuous + Past Perfect)

Hikâye anlatımında Past Simple, Past Continuous ve Past Perfect'i birlikte kullanmayı, olayların sırasını had + V3 ile göstermeyi öğreniyorsun.

📚 10 kelime📐 Konu anlatımı📖 Okuma + 4 soru✏️ 15 alıştırma✍️ 2 yazma görevi
📄PDF indir yazdırılabilir · cevap anahtarlı 📝Word indir düzenlenebilir .docx

🎯 Bu ünitede neler öğreneceksin?

İlerlemen 0/5📚 Kelimeler📐 Gramer📖 Okuma✏️ Alıştırmalar✍️ Yazma

Kelimeler ve kalıplar: Telling Stories

Bu ünitenin temel kelime ve kalıpları. Önce anlamlarını oku, sonra Okuma metninde bul.
#Kelime / KalıpTürkçe açıklama
1all of a sudden / suddenlyBirden bire, aniden — ani olaylar için
2it turned out (that)Meğer..., ortaya çıktı ki...
3to make matters worseBir de üstüne / işi daha da kötüleştirmek için
4eventually / finallySonunda, nihayetinde
5by the time + PP...a kadar (o anda geçmişi ifade eder)
6had + V3 (Past Perfect)Daha önce yapmıştı — ana olaydan önce
7While/As + Past Continuous...rken (arka plan eylem)
8cliffhangerGerilimli bırakış — okuyucuyu merakta bırakan son
9reliable narratorGüvenilir anlatıcı — doğru söylüyorsa
10plot twistBeklenmedik olay — hikayede dönüm noktası
💡 Kuralı öğrendikten sonra Okuma sekmesindeki sarı işaretli yapıları incele, sonra Alıştırmalar'a geç.

Past Perfect — had + V3

Past Perfect, geçmişte olan iki olaydan önce olanı anlatır. "Ben geldiğimde, o çoktan gitmişti." — "çoktan gitmişti" → Past Perfect. Türkçe'deki "-mıştı/-mişti" ekine karşılık gelir.

📌 Yapı: had + Past Participle (V3)

YapıÖrnekTürkçesi
had + V3 (olumlu)When I arrived, she had already left.Ben geldiğimde o çoktan gitmişti.
hadn't + V3 (olumsuz)He hadn't eaten before the meeting.Toplantıdan önce yemek yememişti.
Had + özne + V3 (soru)Had you met her before?Onu daha önce tanımış mıydın?

📌 Zaman çizelgesi — Hangi eylem önce oldu?

Past Perfect vs Simple Past — sıra önemli!
When I arrived [Simple Past] at the station, the train had already left [Past Perfect].
Önce: tren gitti ✈ → Sonra: ben geldim 🏃
She had studied French for years before she moved to Paris.
Önce: yıllarca Fransızca çalıştı → Sonra: Paris'e taşındı

📌 Sık kullanılan bağlaçlar

BağlaçAnlamÖrnek
when-diğindeWhen she arrived, he had left.
before-den önceI had finished before midnight.
after-den sonraAfter they had eaten, they watched TV.
by the time-e kadarBy the time I arrived, everyone had gone.
alreadyzatenShe had already seen the film.
💡
TIP — Past Perfect her zaman zorunlu değil!
"before" veya "after" kullandığında sıra zaten belli — Past Perfect opsiyoneldir:
✅ "She left before he arrived." (sade Past Simple, sıra belli)
✅ "She had left before he arrived." (Past Perfect — daha vurgulu)
Ama "when" kullandığında dikkat! — "when" olmadan Past Perfect önemli.
📘 Bu konuyu Visual Grammar serisinde detaylı çalış → ›
📄

The Midnight Train

sarı işaretli kelimeler bu ünitenin hedef yapıları ve kalıplarıdır.

It was the last night of our three-week trip to Lisbon. We had been walking all day and were exhausted. Our train was leaving at midnight — only two hours away.

At 11:30, we were sitting in a small café near the station when my friend's face suddenly went pale. "My bag," he whispered. It had disappeared. Our tickets, our passports, our money — everything had been in that bag.

To make matters worse, it was raining heavily. We ran back to the restaurant where we had had dinner two hours earlier. Nothing. We checked the taxi we had taken from the museum. The driver hadn't seen anything.

By the time we returned to the station, our train had already departed. We stood there in the rain, completely speechless.

Then, all of a sudden, a station guard approached us. "Are you looking for a blue backpack?" he asked. Somebody had found it on a bench and handed it in thirty minutes earlier. Everything was still inside.

We laughed until we cried. We had missed our train. But it didn't matter. We had the best story we would ever bring home from a trip.

📝 Comprehension Questions · Anlama soruları

1What time was their train leaving?

Midnight — they had two hours.

2What had disappeared from the café, and why was it so serious?

His bag — it contained their tickets, passports, and money.

3By the time they returned to the station, what had happened?

The train had already departed/left.

4Find one Past Perfect example in the text and explain WHY it is used (what happened earlier).

e.g. 'Had disappeared' — the bag was gone BEFORE he noticed. 'Had had dinner' — they ate dinner BEFORE they returned to look.

Alıştırmalar: Narrative Tenses ve Past Perfect

0Doğru
0Yanlış
0XP
0%Başarı
1When I arrived at the party, she ___ already left.
2I ___ when the phone rang and woke me.
3She ___ never been to Japan before her trip last year.
4By the time he arrived, we ___ dinner.
5While she ___, I prepared the surprise party.
6All of a sudden, the lights ___.
7He was exhausted because he ___ all night.
8It ___ when we finally left the café.
9I ___ never tried sushi until I went to Tokyo.
10When she got to the till, she realised she ___ her wallet.
11The children ___ football when the storm started.
12By the time we reached the cinema, the film ___.
13He ___ for two hours before the interview began.
14While we ___ for the taxi, it started to snow.
15It turned out that she ___ the truth all along.
✍️ Öğrendiklerini serbest yazıya dök. Yazdıkların bu tarayıcıda saklanır; her görevin altında örnek cevap var.

1Beklenmedik bir olay

Write a short story (5–6 sentences) about a time something unexpected happened to you. Use: • Past Simple for main events • Past Continuous for background details • Past Perfect for events that happened earlier
0 kelime
It was a stormy evening last October when something strange happened. I was walking to the library when I suddenly heard a loud crash behind me. Someone had left a suitcase in the middle of the road. I had never seen anything like it before. I immediately called the police and waited.

2Hikaye tamamlama

Continue this story in 4–5 sentences: 'It was a stormy evening. I was walking home alone when all of a sudden I noticed...'
0 kelime
It was a foggy evening in late autumn. I was cycling home alone along the forest road when all of a sudden I noticed a faint light flickering in the old abandoned house. I had passed that house hundreds of times, but I had never seen anyone there before. I stopped. The light moved. Then it went out.

B1 İngilizce — tüm üniteler

✅
Ünite 8 · 🏙️

City Life

Second Conditional ve Wish