B1 · Pre-Intermediate · Ünite 1 / 10

✈️ Travel Experiences

Gramer: Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Seyahat deneyimleri üzerinden Present Perfect ile Past Simple arasındaki farkı, for / since kullanımını ve been / gone ayrımını öğreniyorsun.

📚 10 kelime📐 Konu anlatımı📖 Okuma + 4 soru✏️ 15 alıştırma✍️ 2 yazma görevi

📄PDF indir yazdırılabilir · cevap anahtarlı 📝Word indir düzenlenebilir .docx

🎯 Bu ünitede neler öğreneceksin?

📚
Kelime
10 kelime ve kalıp — Have you ever been to · I've visited 14 countries · I went there last summer …
📐
Gramer
Present Perfect vs Past Simple
📖
Okuma
“Chasing the Northern Lights” metni ve 4 anlama sorusu
✍️
Yazma
Deneyim yazısı · Rüya seyahati

İlerlemen 0/5📚 Kelimeler📐 Gramer📖 Okuma✏️ Alıştırmalar✍️ Yazma

Kelimeler ve kalıplar: Travel Experiences

Bu ünitenin temel kelime ve kalıpları. Önce anlamlarını oku, sonra Okuma metninde bul.

#	Kelime / Kalıp	Türkçe açıklama
1	Have you ever been to...?	Hiç ...'e gittin mi? — Hayat deneyimi sorusu
2	I've visited 14 countries.	Ben 14 ülke gezdim. — Kaç tane (deneyim)
3	I went there last summer.	Geçen yaz oraya gittim. — Belirli zaman (PS)
4	She's just arrived.	Az önce vardı. — 'just' = PP sinyali
5	I've already booked the hotel.	Oteli çoktan ayarladım. — 'already' = PP
6	Have you packed yet?	Bavulunu yaptın mı henüz? — 'yet' soru/olumsuz
7	It's the first time I've...	İlk kez ...yapıyorum. — PP ile 'first time'
8	a once-in-a-lifetime experience	Ömürde bir kez yaşanan deneyim
9	aurora borealis / northern lights	Kuzey ışıkları — atmosfer fenomeni
10	It was the best trip I've ever taken.	Şimdiye kadar yaptığım en iyi gezi. — superlative + PP

💡 Kuralı öğrendikten sonra Okuma sekmesindeki sarı işaretli yapıları incele, sonra Alıştırmalar'a geç.

Present Perfect — have / has + V3

Present Perfect geçmiş bir eylemi şimdiki zamanla ilişkilendirir. "Ne zaman?" sorusunun cevabı belirsizdir ya da önemsizdir — önemli olan deneyim, sonuç veya yeni bilgidir. Türkçe'de tam karşılığı yoktur — hem "-dı" hem "-mış" anlamı verir.

📌 Yapı: have / has + Past Participle (V3)

Özne	Yardımcı	Kısaltma	Olumsuz	Örnek
I / You / We / They	have	've	haven't	I have visited London.
He / She / It	has	's	hasn't	She has never seen snow.

📌 Anahtar Kelimeler — ne zaman kullanılır?

Kelime	Anlam	Pozisyon	Örnek
ever	hiç (soru)	have + ever + V3	Have you ever been to Japan?
never	hiç (olumsuz)	have + never + V3	I've never tried bungee jumping.
already	zaten, çoktan	have + already + V3	I've already done it.
yet	henüz (−/?)	cümle sonu	I haven't finished yet. / Have you eaten yet?
just	az önce	have + just + V3	She's just arrived.
since	-den beri (başlangıç)	since + time point	I've lived here since 2018.
for	-dır/-dir (süre)	for + duration	He's studied English for 5 years.

🔀

DON'T CONFUSE — Present Perfect vs Simple Past

Present Perfect → zaman belirsiz / deneyim / sonuç:
✅ I have visited Paris. (hayatımda gitmiştim — ne zaman belirsiz)

Simple Past → zaman belirli:
✅ I visited Paris in 2019. (ne zaman belli → Simple Past!)

Kural: yesterday / last week / in 2020 / ago → HEP Simple Past

🚨

IMPORTANT — been vs gone

have been to = oraya gitmiş ve dönmüş:
"I have been to Istanbul." → İstanbul'a gittim ve döndüm.

have gone to = hâlâ orada:
"She has gone to Istanbul." → İstanbul'a gitti, henüz dönmedi.
Bu fark Türkçe'de yoktur — İngilizce'de çok kritiktir!

🔍 Gerçek bağlamda örnekler

Deneyim (ever/never)

Have you ever tried surfing? → Hiç sörf denedin mi?

I've never eaten raw fish. → Hiç çiğ balık yemedim.

She has visited 15 countries. → 15 ülke gezmiş.

Yakın geçmiş (just/already/yet)

I've just got home. → Az önce eve geldim.

She's already eaten. → O zaten yedi.

Have you packed yet? → Bavulunu hazırladın mı?

Süre (for/since)

I've lived here for 10 years. → 10 yıldır burada yaşıyorum.

She's worked here since 2020. → 2020'den beri çalışıyor.

How long have you known her? → Onu ne zamandır tanıyorsun?

💡

TIP — for vs since

for → süreyi söyler: for two years, for a long time, for six months
since → başlangıç noktasını söyler: since 2019, since Monday, since I was a child
Test: "İki yıl" → for / "2022'den beri" → since

📘 Bu konuyu Visual Grammar serisinde detaylı çalış → ›

📄

Chasing the Northern Lights

sarı işaretli kelimeler bu ünitenin hedef yapıları ve kalıplarıdır.

Travel blogger Ece Yıldız has visited 24 countries in her career. But until last February, she had never seen the aurora borealis — the famous northern lights.

"I have always dreamed of seeing them," she wrote on her blog. "Last winter, I finally went to Tromsø, Norway. It was one of the most extraordinary experiences of my life."

The aurora is caused by charged particles from the sun colliding with gases in Earth's atmosphere. Scientists have studied this phenomenon for centuries, but its beauty still astonishes even the most seasoned travellers.

Not everyone who travels to Norway has been lucky. Some visitors have waited for ten days without seeing anything. Ece, however, saw the lights on her very first night. "I have never felt so small and so connected to the universe at the same time," she told us.

Since that trip, she has written about it in three different magazines. The experience changed her perspective on travel completely.

📝 Comprehension Questions · Anlama soruları

1How many countries has Ece visited in her career?

24 countries.

2Why did she go to Tromsø, Norway last February?

She went to see the aurora borealis / northern lights.

3Were all travellers to Norway as lucky as Ece?

No — some have waited ten days without seeing anything.

4Find 3 Present Perfect verbs and 3 Past Simple verbs in the text.

PP: has visited, have studied, has written / PS: went, saw, changed

Alıştırmalar: Present Perfect vs Past Simple

0Doğru

0Yanlış

0XP

0%Başarı

1She ___ 24 countries in her career. (PP — hayat deneyimi)

2I ___ to Rome last summer.

3Have you ___ tried whale watching?

4We ___ already booked the tickets — don't worry!

5She ___ just arrived at the airport.

6They left two hours ___.

7Have you packed your bags ___?

8___ you ever seen the northern lights?

9It's the most beautiful place I ___ ever seen.

10I ___ never visited Asia, but I want to.

11She ___ in this job since 2019.

12We ___ a great time in Istanbul last month.

13He ___ to the cinema three times this week.

14I didn't go. I ___ never been there.

15How long ___ you been learning English?

✍️ Öğrendiklerini serbest yazıya dök. Yazdıkların bu tarayıcıda saklanır; her görevin altında örnek cevap var.

1Deneyim yazısı

Write 4–5 sentences about your travel experiences using Present Perfect (for experience) and Past Simple (for specific events). Example start: I've been to ___ twice. The first time I went was in ___. I've never been to ___ but I'd love to...

0 kelime

I've been to Cappadocia twice. The first time I went was in 2021 with my family. I've never been to Europe, but I'd love to visit Italy one day. I've always wanted to see the Colosseum in Rome.

2Rüya seyahati

Describe your dream destination. Have you been there? When did you first hear about it? What do you hope to see there? Use both tenses correctly.

0 kelime

My dream destination is Japan. I have never been there, but I've read a lot about it and watched many documentaries. I first heard about Japan when I was ten years old. I hope to see Mount Fuji and walk through ancient temples one day.

B1 İngilizce — tüm üniteler

✅

Ünite 1 · ✈️

Travel Experiences

Present Perfect vs Past Simple

✅

Ünite 2 · 🌱

Environment & Climate

Passive Voice ve Modal Deduction

✅

Ünite 3 · 📱

Media & Technology

Zero & First Conditional ve Time Clauses

✅

Ünite 4 · 🧠

Learning & Memory

used to ve Past Continuous

✅

Ünite 5 · 🤝

Relationships & Society

Present Perfect Continuous

✅

Ünite 6 · 🍽️

Food Cultures of the World

Advanced Quantifiers

✅

Ünite 7 · 📖

Telling Stories

Narrative Tenses ve Past Perfect

✅

Ünite 8 · 🏙️

City Life

Second Conditional ve Wish

✅

Ünite 9 · 🗣️

Expressing Ideas & Opinions

Reported Speech (dolaylı anlatım)

✅

Ünite 10 · 🌍

Global Challenges

Third Conditional ve Wish / If only